Body fluids pedia

fluids and electroltes for pediatrics

1. BODY FLUIDS Water is the largest component of human body. Total Body Water (TBW) in full -term neonates is approximately 75 to 80 % ob body weight and gradually reduces to 60 % by one or two years of age . Total body water is consists of two major compartments, i.e. intracellular fluids (ICF) and extracellular fluids (ECF) and the two minor compartment , i.e. Transcellular fluids (TCF) and slowly exchangeable fluids (SEF) compartment

2. Intra cellular fluids volume represents 35to40 % of body weight and is the sum-total of fluids from the cells in different locations. Extracellular fluid volume represents 20-25 % of body weight and consist of plasma water and interstitial water . Transcellular fluids volume represents about 2 % of body weight , its most important components being gastrointestinal secretion , urine in kidney and lower urinary tract , CSF . Slowly exchangeable fluid volume represents 8-10 % of body weight and is contained in bones , dense connective tissues and cartilages.

3. Table distribution of total body water Fluid compartments Infants Older children Intracellular fluid ( ICF ) 40% 35 to 40% Extra cellular fluid (ECF) 35-40% 20 – 25 % interstitial - 15% Transvascular (plasma) - 5% Transcellular - 1-3 % Total body water 75-80 % 60%