Bosman and Kramer "Open Research: A 2024 NISO Training Series, Session One: Open science and scholarship in the research cycle"

This presentation was provided by Jeroen Bosman of Utrecht University and Bianca Kramer of Sesame Open Science, during the opening segment of NISO's 2024 Training Series "Open Research." Session One: Open science and scholarship in the research cycle," was held on September 26, 2024.

1. Open
Research
NISO training
fall 2024
session 1:
Open science and
scholarship in the
research cycle

September 26, 2024
Facilitated by Bianca Kramer & Jeroen Bosman
https://tinyurl.com/NISO-fall2024-session01

2. Introductions: who’s in the room?
●participants from ~ 20 organizations in 6 countries

●mostly US...
… but also Canada, UK and some other countries in Europe, Africa
and Asia

●mostly universities…
… but also other research organizations and data/infrastructure
providers

●mostly librarians….
… but also other roles, including metadata specialists, digital
publishing and outreach roles

3. Introductions: who are we?

4. First thoughts …
Please share in the chat what you
first think of when open research or
open science is mentioned…

5. Course goals and topics
Course Goals

●Learn what open research
entails and why one should
pursue it
●Explore practices and tools,
getting insight into how these
are implemented and used
●Discuss open research
policies and how to support
open research in practice
Session Topics

1.Open science and scholarship in the research cycle
2.Preparing open research
3.Reproducibility and code sharing
4.Open data
5.Open access
6.Open peer review
7.Research assessment and metadata
8.Open research, looking forward

6. Course structure
Each week’s structure:

Review previous week:
●20 min short recap, share actions

Session topic
●25 min ‘what’ and ‘why’ (lecture)
●25 min ‘how’ (hands-on activity)
●20 min support, monitoring, policy
(discussion)

Home assignment
This week’s structure:

Welcome, introductions
●20 min

Session topic
●25 min ‘what’ and ‘why’ (lecture + activity)
●25 min ‘how’ (hands-on activity)
●20 min support, monitoring, policy
(discussion)

Home assignment:

We hope to have open, inclusive and active sessions

7. Preferred terms?
Open Science …. excludes humanities?
Open Scholarship … excludes the sciences?
Open Research … leaves out education?
Open Knowledge … is less about the process?
Open Science …. is the most common phrase?
Open Scholarship … includes humanities?
Open Research … goes beyond academia?
Open Knowledge … makes it more universal?
but …

8. Open Science is …
Open Science is more than having
publications and data openly available …
Open Science implies openly creating, sharing
and assessing research, wherever viable

9. Why Open Research?
V
R
E
T
avoid repeating work
enable collaboration
more equitable access
to research
reproducibility
public research as
common good
increases efficiency
more inclusive, diverse and
equitable research culture
combine datasets
research integrity (through
verification/reproducibility)
removing bias,
encourage reporting of
negative results
Answer suggestions as provided by participants and placed in quadrants by facilitators

10. Good science & scholarship:
●Verifiability & Reproducibility
●Efficiency

Relevant science & scholarship:
●Relevance & stakeholder involvement
●Transparency, accountability
Why Open Research?

11. Open research is …
Based on: Bosman & Kramer (2017) Defining open science definitions
oNo barriers based on race,
gender, income, status,
language, ableness, age
oInvolvement of societal partners
in research priority setting
oEvaluations that include societal
relevance
oCitizen science & co-creation
oBroadly considering all
knowledge (including local
knowledge)
oError friendly environment
oOpen pedagogies (incl. CEL)


oTranslations
oPlain language explanations
oOutreach beyond academia
oOpen to questions from
outside academia
oCuration and annotation of
non-scholarly information
oParticipation in public debate
oOpen Access, f. people & machines to:
•Proposals and applications
•Preregistrations
•Data
•Code
•Hardware
•Preprints, working papers
•Papers and books
•Reviews and comments
•Posters and presentations
•Educational material (OER)
oOpen, non-proprietary standards
oOpen source software
oOpen licences (& (no) patents)
oFull documentation of process,
including negative results

Open to participation


Open to (re)use


Open to the world

12. The UNESCO view

13. A model of the research workflow
preparation
analysis
writingpublication
outreach
assessment
discovery
Rounds of grant writing
and application
Iterations of
search and reading
Drafting, receiving
comments,rewriting
Submit, peer review,
rejection, resubmitting
Rounds of experiments
and measurements
Tell story, get
attention, be invited

14. Open Science activities in the various workflow phases
preparation
analysis
writingpublication
outreach
assessment
discovery
open proposals; citizen science;
involving stakeholders
using open databases;
sharing references
preregistration; sharing
protocols, data & code
open drafting, plain
language
preprints; OA; open
peer review
engagement activities
responsible
evaluation practices

15. Some practices are more often applied than others
Source: Utrecht University (2023) Open Science Monitor 2022.

16. Open Science practices: what are you familiar with?
Which open science practices have you (seen)
being applied in your organization?









https://tinyurl.com/os-workshop-practices

17. Open Science practices: what are you familiar with?

18. Open Science practices: what are you familiar with?

19. Open Science practices: what are you familiar with?

20. Library services
across the full
workflow
And in the research preparation phase:
•advice on licenses
•advice on OA funding
•advice on data requirements
•access to funding search engines

•search strategy & techniques (T)•discovery tools (T)
•selecting/evaluating sources (T)
•access mechanisms (I)
•text mining (A)
•bibliometric analyses (A)
•systematic reviews (A)
•(collab.) work environment (S)
•collaboration platforms (I)
•reference management (T)
•(collab.) writing tools (A)
•annotation tools (A)
(A) journal selection •
(I) providing a repository •
(A) checking copyright •
(I) OA journal incubator •
(I) OA fund •
(A) author IDs •
(A/T) researcher profiles •
(A) altmetrics monitoring •
(S) meeting spaces •
(A) peer review models •
(A) citation analysis •
(T) traditional and altmetrics •
(A) commenting and review tools •
D
A
WP
O
A
Service types:
A = advice
I = infrastructure
S = spaces
T = training

21. Inform,
indirect
support
Direct
support
Advise,
advocate
Develop
policies
e.g.:
Info on website,
in LibGuides etc.,
curate metadata,
manage repo etc
Training, answering
questions, providing
workshops
Evidence based
opinions on what is a
good choice, what is
important and why
Co-develop policies
on open science
aspects or
information strategy
asks
for:
Knowledge,
organizing
information,
reliability
Communication skills,
expertise, listening,
ability to inspire
Setting priorities,
knowing patronʼs
goals, disciplinary
knowledge, vision,
ability to convince
Authority, role being
accepted by partners,
strategic thinking
Types of open research & education support

22. Monitoring

23. Monitoring
Monitoring can be:

●locally, nationally or internationally
●voluntary or mandatory
●encompassing, or a few aspects
●quantitative or (also) qualitative
●used summatively or formatively
Who knows about or is involved in
open science monitoring initiatives?

24. •Open Access (& business models)
•Open data
•European Open Science Cloud
•Altmetrics
•Rewards
•Research integrity
•Education and skills
•Citizen science
•Strengthening Open Science Policies
•Investing in Open Science Infrastructures
•Supporting the Research Community in Building
Open Science Skills
•Engaging Communities to Broaden Participation in
Open Science
•Promoting Incentives for Open Research Practices
Policies

25. Policies
Policies can be:

●locally, nationally or internationally
●from institutions, funders or governments
●mandating or enabling
●encompassing, or a few aspects

Who knows about or is involved in
open science policy initiatives?

26. Open Science - changing research culture
Make it required
Make it rewarding
Make it normative
Make it easy
Make it possible
Policy
Incentives
Communities
User interface /Experience
Infrastructure
source: https://www.cos.io/blog/strategy-for-culture-change

27. Culture change pyramid
Policy
Incentives
Communities
User interface /Experience
Infrastructure
Where does your role have
most influence?
Where do you think actions are
most effective?

28. Culture change pyramid

29. Home assignment
Before our next session, please check the website of
your own organization.

What kind of information is given on open science, in
what kind of contexts?

You can use the site navigation, internal site search or
try a Google search, e.g.

“open science” site:nasa.gov

[replacing nasa.gov with the domain of your own
organization].

30. Open
Research
NISO training
fall 2024
session 2:
Preparing
open research

October 3, 2024
Facilitated by Bianca Kramer & Jeroen Bosman
Next week: