BRAIN PACE MAKER

Maintains normal functioning of an organ by generating electric pulse

1. Brain pacemakers By Sathishkumar g ([email protected])

2. pacemaker Maintains normal functioning of an organ by generating electric pulse. Types of pacemakers External pacemaker Internal pacemaker

3. Brain Pacemaker Medical device implanted into the brain Depending on area of treatment it is called  Deep brain stimulation Vagus nerve stimulation Used in epilepsy, P arkinson’s disease, depression and other diseases

4. Parts of Pacemaker Electrodes Platinum electrodes. Lead wire Coiled wire insulated in polyurethane. Lead to the specific targeted site of brain. Pulse generator Encased in titanium. Generally placed near clavicle. Sends impulses to area of brain to interfere with neural activity.

5. Deep brain stimulation Tip of an electrode is placed in Thalamus (for tremor and multiple sclerosis) or Sub thalamic nucleus (for P arkinson's disease). Cg25 area (for depression)

6. Deep brain stimulation

7. Surgical procedure Two holes were drilled into the skulls. Implant two thin wires with electrode. The loose end of the wires are attached to the pacemaker device implanted in the chest.

8. Vagus nerve stimulation (vns) It sends tiny electric shocks to the vagus nerve. Three pieces of equipment used in vns therapy. Programmable generator Lead with two coils at the end Hand-held magnet

9. Surgical procedure Two small cuts are made, One in a natural crease on the left of your neck, and One in the left-hand side of your chest, below you collarbone. The generator is placed under the skin in your chest. A thin, flexible wire connects the generator to the left vagus nerve in the neck.

10. Block diagram of stimulation system It uses a neurostimulator to generate and deliver high-frequency electric pulses into portions of the brain.

11. advantages Reduce their medications , thus, minimizing the side effects of drugs. Electrical impulses can be adjusted. Used by pregnant women without affecting the foetus. Both cardiac pacemaker and brain pacemaker can be used simultaneously by the same person.

12. disadvantages Decrease in respiratory flow during sleep resulting in apnea. Any medical procedures using electromagnetic fields can interfere with your pacemaker The external sensitivities, can give pacemaker a false signal.

13. Thank you …