Branches of biology

Biology 9th class

1. Topic: Branches of Biology Biology is divided into many branches specialized branches for better and easy understanding. Morphology: From Greek “ morph ” means ‘ Shape/ Form ’. The study of form, shape, size and structure of organisms is called morphology. Anatomy: From Greek “ anatomē ” means ‘ dissection ’. The study of internal structures of organisms by dissection is called anatomy. Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology

2. Histology: From Greek " histos " meaning ‘ tissue’ . The study of composition, structure and functions of plants and animal tissues is called histology. Physiology: From Greek “ physis ” meaning ' nature/origin '. The scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system is called Physiology. Embryology: F rom Greek “ embryon ” means ‘ unborn/embryo/ featus ’. Embryology deals with the study of embryo and phenomena involved in its formation and its development into a new organism. Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology

3. Taxonomy: From Greek “ taxis " meaning ‘ arrangment ’ and “ nomos “ meaning ‘ laws’ . The study of classification of organisms and their scientific naming is called taxonomy. Cell Biology/ Cytology: The study of structure and functions of cells is called cell biology . Paleontology: F rom Greek “ palaios ” means ‘ old/ ancient ’, “ ontos ” means ‘ being creature ’. The scientific study of fossils of past organisms is called Paleontology. Paleobotany : the study of fossils of plants. Paleozoology : the study of fossils of animals. Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology

4. Immunology It is from Latin word “ immunis ” meaning ‘ resistance/ to exempt ’. The branch of biology which deals with the immune responses of the body to foreign challenge in order to defend itself is called immunology. Entomology : From Greek “ entomon ” means ‘ notched refer to segmented body of insect ’. The scientific study of insects is called entomology. Genetics: The study of genes and their role in inheritance is called genetics. Inheritance is the transmission of characters from parents to offspring. Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology

5. Socio-biology / behavioral ecology: From Latin word “ socius ” means ‘ companion ’. The systematic study of the biological basis of social behavior in both humans and animals is called Socio-biology. For example: social behavior and beneficial relationship among the animals living in the same area such as humans, bees, ants etc. Pharmacology: From Greek “ pharmakon ” means ‘ drug/ poison ’. The branch of biology deals with the properties, uses , effects, and mode of action of drugs on biological system is called pharmacology. Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology

6. Biotechnology: The study of practical application/use of organisms for the benefit and welfare of humanity is called biotechnology. Environmental biology/ Ecology: Environmental biology is the branch of biology which study that how the organisms interact with their environment . Parasitology : The branch of biology which deals with the study of parasites and all aspects of parasitism . Biology Class 9th Chapter# 01: Introduction to Biology Assignment: Q: How can you describe your own body under different branches of biology?