Breathing-Exercise-LESSON 4 midterm.pptx

This lesson tackles about breathing exercises

1. B reathing E xercise and D ifferent W arm U p E xercise T argeting C ardiorespiratory E ndurance

2. Breathing

3. The progress that moves air in and out of the lungs called breathing or pulmonary ventilation. Breathing is only one of the processes that deliver oxygen to where it is needed in the body and remove carbon dioxide.

4. Organs that Involved in Breathing Nose Trachea Bronchi Bronchioles Lungs Muscles along with diaphragm

5. BREATHING PROCESS Breathing starts at the nose. You inhale air into your nose, and it travels down the back of your throat and into your windpipe or trachea. Trachea then divides into air passages called bronchial tubes. Bronchial tubes pass through the lungs, they divided into smaller air passages called bronchioles or bronchial tree. The bronchioles end in tiny balloon-like air sacs called alveoli. The body has over 300 million alveoli. The alveoli are surrounded by a mesh of tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

6. BREATHING EXERCISE

7. Breathing ex and ventilatory training are the fundamental interventions for the prevention for acute and chronic pulmonary disease patients with high spinal cord lesion and who underwent troracic and abdominal surgery and bedridden patients. Studies indicate that breathing exercise and ventilatory training have affect and alter a patients rate and depyh of ventilation, so these technique is used to improve the pulmonary disease to the patients overall endurance.

8. GOALS OF BREATHING EXERCISE Improve ventilation Increase the effectiveness of cough and promote airway clearance To prevent post operative pulmonary complications To improve the strength endurance coordination of the muscles of ventilations Maintain and improve chest and thoracic spine mobility Promote relaxation and relive stress. Assiating in removal of secretions. Correct abnormal breathing patterns and decrease the work of breathing. Aid in Bronchial Hygiene—Prevent accumulation of pumonary secretions, mobilization of these secretions, and improve the cough mechanism.

9. PRINCIPLES Area of exercises Explanation and Instruction to the patient Patient Position Evaluate the patient Demonstration of exercise Patient practice

10. Guideline for Teaching Breathing Exercise Choose a quiet area to get a proper interaction with minimal distraction. Explain the patient about the aim and how it works for his impairment. Have the pat: in relaxed position and loosen the clothes, make him in semi-fowlers position with head and trunk elevated approx : 45dgree ( total support to the head and trunk and flexing the hip and knees with pillow support) the abdominal muscle become relaxed. Observe and access the patients spontaneous breathing pattern while at rest and during activity. Determine whether Rx is indicated or not. If necessary teach the patient relaxation techniques, relax the muscles of upper thorax neck and shoulder to minimize the use of accessory muscle work.

11. TYPES OF BREATHING EXERCISE Diaphragmatic Breathing Glossopharyngeal Breathing Purse Lip Breathing Segmental Breathing (costal expansion Exercise) a. Apical Breathing b. Lateral Costal Expansion c. Posterior Basal Expansion

12. DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING Diaphragm is the primary muscle for breathing ( inspiration ) Diaphragm controls breathing at an involuntary level, a patient with primary pulmonary disease like COPD can be taught breathing control by optimal use of diaphragm and relaxation of accessory muscles.

13. GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL BREATHING It is a means of increasing a patients inspiratory capacity when there is a severe weakness of the muscle of inspiration. It is taught to patient who have difficulty in deep breathing. It is used primarily for ventilatory dependent patients due to absent or incomplete innervation of diaphragm because of high cervical cord injury or neuromuscular disorders.

14. SEGMENTAL BREATHING It is performed on a segment of lung, or a section of chest wall that needs increased ventilation or movement. Hypoventilation occur in certain areas of the lungs because of chest wall fibrosis, pain after surgery, atelectasis, trauma to chest wall, pneumonia and post mastectomy scar.

15. Apical breathing

16. Lateral coastal expansion

17. ADVANTAGE OF SEGMENTAL BREATHING Prevent accumulation of pleural fluid and secretions Decreases paradoxical breathing Decrease panic episode Improve chest mobility

18. WARM UP EXERCISE CARDIOVASCULAR

19. Jump rope – keep your knees slightly bent and jump on the balls of your feet. High Knees – Land slowly on the balls of your feet and keep your core tight. Jumping Jacks – Jump up, spread your feet and bring both hands together above your head. Jump again and return to the starting position. Mountain Climbers – Maintain a plank position during the entire xercise , keep your core engaged and your hips low Criss Cross Crunhes – Stand with your feet hip-width apart and your hands behind your head. Bend your right leg and lift your knee as high as yu can. Roate your torso to the right and bring your right knee to your left elbow. Repeat on the opposite side and keep alternating sides until the set is complete. Standing Side Crunch – Shift your weight to the right leg, crunch to the left side and bring your left knee up toward ypur elbow. Switch legs and repeat. Alternating Side Lungs – Step out to the side with your leftleg and keep your right leg straight.touch your left foot with your right hand and repeat the movement on the right side.

20. 8. Squat Kickback – Squat and as you stand up, transfer your weight to kickback with the opposite. 9. Hip Circles – Start with small circles and keep your hips level with the floor. 10. Bent over Twist – Bend and rotate your torso, touching each foot with the opposite hand.