Brundtland commission

Bruntland commission is a major leap towards sustainable development.

1. ( Brundtland Commission) World Com miss ion on Environment and Development   COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF BHUTAN RINCHENDING BHUTAN Compiled and presented by: Roma Adhikari 0214609

2. Overview Introduction History Focus of the organization Environmental problems Our common future Scope of sustainable development Elements of sustainable development Solutions to the problems Reference

3. INTRODUCTION Formally known as the   World Commission on Environment and Development  (WCED), the mission of  Brundtland Commission   was to unite countries to pursue sustainable development together and was therefore established in1983. The UN general assembly realized that there was a heavy deterioration of the human environment and natural resources. To rally countries to work and pursue sustainable development together, the UN decided to establish the  B rundtland commission .   The Chairperson of the Commission was Gro Harlem Brundtland . The Brundtland Commission officially dissolved in December 1987 after releasing  Our Common Future , also known as the  Brundtland Report , in October 1987, a document which coined, and defined the meaning of the term "Sustainable Development".

4. HISTORY Ten years after the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, most of the global environmental challenges had clearly not been adequately addressed. In several ways, these challenges had grown. The 1980 World Conservation Strategy of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, was the first report that included a very brief chapter on a concept called "sustainable development". It focused on global structural changes and was not widely read. The UN initiated an independent commission, which was asked to provide an analysis of existing problems and ideas for their solution, similar to earlier commissions such as the Independent Commission on International Development Issues (Brandt Commission) and the Independent Commission on Disarmament and Security Issues.  

5. In December 1983, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, asked the Prime Minister of Norway,  Gro Harlem Brundtland , to create an organization independent of the UN to focus on environmental and developmental problems and solutions after an affirmation by the General Assembly resolution in the fall of 1984.This new organization was the Brundtland Commission . The organization aimed to create a united international community with shared sustainability goals by identifying sustainability problems worldwide, raising awareness about them, and suggesting the implementation of solutions . In 1987, the Brundtland Commission published the first volume of “Our Common Future,” the organization’s main report. “Our Common Future” strongly influenced the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 and the third UN Conference on Environment and Development in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 2002. Also, it is credited with crafting the most prevalent definition of sustainability .

6. FOCUS OF THE ORGANIZATION (a) To propose long-term environmental strategies for achieving sustainable development to the year 2000 and beyond; (b) To recommend ways in which concern for the environment may be translated into greater co-operation among developing countries and between countries at different stages of economic and social development and lead to the achievement of common and mutually supportive objectives which take account of the interrelationships between people, resources, environment and development; (c) To consider ways and means by which the international community can deal more effectively with environmental concerns, in the light of the other recommendations in its report. (d) To help to define shared perceptions of long-term environmental issues and of the appropriate efforts needed to deal successfully with the problems of protecting and enhancing the environment, a long-term agenda for action during the coming decades, and aspirational goals for the world community, taking into account the relevant resolutions of the session of a special character of the Governing Council in 1982. The 1983 General Assembly passed Resolution 38/161 "Process of preparation of the Environmental Perspective to the Year 2000 and Beyond", establishing the Commission, in the General Assembly: Suggesting that the Special Commission, when established, should focus mainly on the following terms of reference for its work:

7. The Brundtland Commission's mandate was to : “ re-examine the critical issues of environment and development and to formulate innovative, concrete, and realistic action proposals to deal with them; strengthen international cooperation on environment and development and to assess and propose new forms of cooperation that can break out of existing patterns and influence policies and events in the direction of needed change; and raise the level of understanding and commitment to action on the part of individuals, voluntary organizations, businesses, institutes, and governments” (1987: 347). “ The Commission focused its attention in the areas of population, food security, the loss of species and genetic resources, energy, industry, and human settlements - realizing that all of these are connected and cannot be treated in isolation one from another”

8. OUR COMMON FUTURE “ sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.’’ - Brundtland report, 1987 The Brundtland Report was published 27 in October 1989. Described sustainability as a three-legged stool with social , environment and economy taking equal importance in the equation.  It has been successful in forming international ties between governments and multinational corporations.

9. CONTENTS OF OUR COMMON FUTURE Part I. Common Concerns A Threatened Future Symptoms and Causes New Approaches to Environment and Development 2.Towards Sustainable Development The Concept of Sustainable Development Equity and the Common Interest Strategic Imperatives Conclusion 3.The Role of the International Economy The International Economy, the Environment, and Development Decline in the 1980s Enabling Sustainable Development A Sustainable World Economy

10. Part II. Common Challenges 4.Population and Human Resources The Links with Environment and Development The Population Perspective A Policy Framework 5.Food Security: Sustaining the Potential Achievements Signs of Crisis The Challenge Strategies for Sustainable Food Security Food for the Future 6.Species and Ecosystems: Resources for Development The Problem: Character and Extent Extinction Patterns and Trends Some Causes of Extinction

11. IV. Economic Values at Stake V. New Approach: Anticipate and Prevent VI. International Action for National Species VII. Scope for National Action VIII. The Need for Action 7.Energy: Choices for Environment and Development Energy, Economy, and Environment Fossil Fuels: The Continuing Dilemma Nuclear Energy: Unsolved Problems Wood Fuels: The Vanishing Resource Renewable Energy: The Untapped Potential Energy Efficiency: Maintaining the Momentum Energy Conservation Measures Conclusion

12. 8.Industry: Producing More With Less Industrial Growth and its Impact Sustainable Industrial Development in a Global Context Strategies for Sustainable Industrial Development 9.The Urban Challenge The Growth of Cities The Urban Challenge in Developing Countries International Cooperation

13. Part III. Common Endeavors Managing The Commons Oceans: The Balance of Life Space: A Key to Planetary Management Antarctica: Towards Global Cooperation Peace, Security, Development, and the Environment Environmental Stress as a Source of Conflict Conflict as a Cause of Unsustainable Development Towards Security and Sustainable Development Towards Common Action: Proposals For Institutional and Legal Change The Challenge for Institutional and Legal Change Proposals for Institutional and Legal Change A Call for Action

14. The report led the production of Agenda 21 , an action plan of the UN with regard to SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Agenda 21entailed actions to be taken globally, nationally, and locally in order to make life on Earth more sustainable

15. SCOPE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT We should conserve and enhance our resource base, by gradually changing the ways in which we develop and use technologies. We should have the primary motive of protection of environment . SOCIAL EQUITY Developing nations must be allowed to meet their basic needs of employment, food, energy, water and sanitation. If this is to be done in a sustainable manner, then there is a definite need for a sustainable level of population. ECONOMIC GROWTH Economic growth should be revived and developing nations should be allowed a growth of equal quality to the developed nations .

16. ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Political Economic Institutional Technological Socio-cultural Ecological

17. ECONOMIC Maintaining a sustainable population. Maintaining productivity and profitability of environment and natural resources. ECOLOGICAL Adopting environmental management methods in policy and decision making. Protecting the environment and conserving natural resources.

18. TECHNOLOGICAL Promoting proper management of wastes and residuals. Adopting environment-friendly technologies. Not having technological development at the cost of envirnoment ,. POLITICAL Empowering the people. Maintaining peace and order. Maintaining world peace through various organizations.

19. SOCIO-CULTURE Promoting resource access and upholding property rights. Promoting environmental awareness, inculcating environment ethics and supporting environment management action. INSTITUTIONAL Improving institutional capacity/ capability to manage sustainable development. Teaching youth about the importance of sustainable development.

20. REFERENCE Retrieved from https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brundtland_Commission Retrieved from https:// www.slideshare.net/SrutiSudhaMohanty/sd-47839277 Retrieved from https:// www.slideshare.net/KuriakoseTD/brundtland-report-78584063?qid=26d73ae0-18a2-466a-9991-971b6b25a2af