buccinator mechanism.pptx in orthodontic

Dr Aleena Iqbal
Department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopaedics
Inderprastha Dental College and Hospital

1. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM -Aleena Iqbal, 1 st Year PG, Batch 2023

2. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION ORO-FACIAL MUSCLES BUCCINATOR BUCCINATOR MECHANISM ROLE IN MAINTAINING ARCH FORM AND TEETH POSITION ROLE IN MALOCCLUSION USE IN TREATMENT OF MALOCCLUSION CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION The muscles of oral region are involved in functions of swallowing respiration and speech. They not only affects the physical and aesthetic appearance but also influences the dental and skeletal components of an individual It is believed that abnormal posture and function of oro-facial muscle may be causative or at least contributory to formation of dental malocclusion.

4. INTRODUCTION Hence muscle of oro-facial region are of great importance to one of the main aims of orthodontics that is to achieve structural balance and harmony Which is achieved only when there is harmony between jaw, teeth and muscles

5. FACIAL MUSCLES

6. FACIAL MUSCLES They constitute to form the modiolus Modiolus- hub of wheel It forms the mesial boundary of occlusal table Important for facial expression Maintaining posture of various facial structures Any abnormality in these muscles function can lead to skeletal or occlusal problems

7. FACIAL MUSCLES

8. BUCCINATOR It is a quadrilateral muscle between maxilla and mandible It forms the mobile and adaptive substance of cheek ORIGIN Arises from outer surface of alveolar process of maxilla and mandible opposite third molar teeth and posteriorly attached to pterygomandibular raphe

9. BUCCINATOR The central fibers decussates so that it continues into the orbicularis oris muscle While the highest and lowest fibers enter into the corresponding lips INSERTION

10. BUCCINATOR It draws the corner of the mouth laterally pulling the lips against the teeth and flattens the cheek It aids in functions like swallowing, blowing Keeps cheek in close contact with teeth- prevents pocketing of food between teeth and the cheek ACTIONS

11. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM The decussating fibers of the orbicularis oris the buccinator runs laterally and posteriorly around the corner of the mouth It inserts into the pterygomandibular raphe just behind the dentition Here it mingles with the fibers of superior constrictor which attaches to pharyngeal tubercle of occipital bone Thus completely encircling the face

12. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM

13. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM Strong inter-dependence occur between bone and muscle although bone is one of the hardest tissues in body It is one of the most responsive to change whenever there is an alteration to in environment balance The most important in this environment balance is the musculature

14. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM The integrity of dental arches and the relationship of the teeth to each other within each arch and with opposing members are result of morphogenetic pattern As modified by stabilizing and active function forces of muscle the tongue on one side and lips and cheek on other side

15. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM Importance of pressure from lips and cheek can be derived from a case of cancrum oris Here there was an ulceration followed by gangrenous distribution of buccal mucosa As the cheek was destroyed the teeth began to move outwards under the unopposed pressure from the tongue

16. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM Similarly in case of un-repaired cleft lip one often seen proclination of incisors although in buccal segments where cheek are normal teeth are in normal relationship

17. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM Another concept was given by Wifred fiof neutral zone - acc to him the teeth occupy a dead space in mouth in a state of equilibrium. The inwards pressure by cheek and lips is balanced by the outward pressure of tongue

18. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM The dental arch form is determined early in fetal life and form of basal arch does not change. It is believed as long as total pressure acting on teeth is balanced the position of teeth is stabilized

19. BUCCINATOR MECHANISM USE OF BUCCINATOR MECHANISM IN CORRECTING MALOCCLUSION Alfred Paul Rogers was first to recommend use of muscles to correct malocclusion. Myofunctional appliance depend on oro-facial muscle for their function Its essence was to use muscle activity as a primary source for resolution of malocclusion