Building air con. system

air con. system and its types

1. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Submitted To : Charu Ma’am Submitted By : Utsav Khatri

2. DEFINITION Air conditioning is the process of altering the properties of air (primarily temperature and humidity) to more favorable conditions. The control of these conditions may be desirable to maintain the health and comfort of the occupants, or to meet the requirements of industrial processes irrespective of the external climatic conditions.

3. HISTORY In 1902, the first modern electrical air conditioning unit was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier in Buffalo, New York. The first air conditioner, designed and built in Buffalo by Carrier, began working on 17 July 1902.

4. FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION Comfort air conditioning : - Aim at giving max human comfort to occupants/users of conditioned space . Industrial air conditioning : - The conditioning creates, controls and maintains such an environment inside the conditioned space, that it would suit best to the needs of industry.

5. ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS FOR HUMAN COMFORT

6. TEMPERATURE CONTROL Effective temp = 20 C to 23 C in summer . Effective Temp = 18 C to 22 C in winter . For Indian conditions 25 C with 60% relative humidity to 30 C with 45 % relative humidity, with air velocity not exceeding 10 m/min . During summer dehumidification .

7. HUMIDITY During summer dehumidification is done so that relative humidity is 40 to 50% . During winter humidification is done so that relative humidity is 50 to 60 % .

8. AIR VELOCITY The feeling of comfort of an individual is influenced by air movement . The air movement over the body decreases the body temperature . Air velocity of 30 metres/minute in summer and 7 to 15 minute in winter is recommended as comfort range for human activity .

9. BASIC ELEMENTS OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

10. COMPRESSOR Air conditioner compressor is used to remove the heat-laden vapor refrigerant from the evaporator of the air conditioning systems.

11. CONDENSER The outside unit, called the a/c condenser, contains a compressor, cooling fins and tubes and a fan. The fan sucks air through the fins and cools a special coolant, which the compressor then pumps into the house to the evaporator through a copper tube. The coolant chills the fins and tubes of the evaporator. Warm air drawn from the house by the blower passes through the evaporator and is cooled and blown through ducts to the rooms in the house

12. EXPANSION VALVE Expansion valves are devices used to control the refrigerant flow in a refrigeration system. They help to facilitate the change of higher pressure of liquid refrigerant in the condensing unit to lower pressure gas refrigerant in the evaporator.

13. EVAPORATOR An air conditioner’s evaporator coil, also called the evaporator core, is the part of the system where the refrigerant absorbs heat. That is, it’s where the cold air comes from.

14. PROCESS OF AIR-CONDITIONING

15. TYPE OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

16. WINDOW AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM Window air conditioners are one of the most commonly used and cheapest type of air conditioners. Window air-conditioner units are reliable and simple-to-install solution to keep a room cool while avoiding the costly construction of a central air system.

17. SPLIT AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor unit. The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor, condenser and expansion valve. The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. For this unit we don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the room.

18. CENTRAL AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM The central air conditioning plants or the systems are used when large buildings, hotels, theaters, airports, shopping malls etc. are to be air conditioned completely.

19. PACKAGE AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM The window and split air conditioners are usually used for the small air conditioning capacities up to 5 tons. The central air conditioning systems are used for where the cooling loads extend beyond 20 tons. The packaged air conditioners are used for the cooling capacities in between these two extremes. The packaged air conditioners are available in the fixed rated capacities of 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 tons. These units are used commonly in places like restaurants, homes, small halls, etc.

20. NEW INVENTED TECHNOLOGY FOR AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM

21. DISTRICT COOLING SYSTEM Central Chiller Plant– Generate chilled water for cooling purposes . Distribution Network– Distribute chilled water to buildings . User Station–Interface with buildings' own air-conditioning circuits .

22. CHILLED BEAM SYSTEM It is a type of convection HVAC system designed to heat or cooled high rise building such as commercial building. It’s primarily gives off its cooling effect through convection by using water to remove heat from a room. Pipes of water passed through the beam suspended short distance from the ceiling of a room. As the beam chills the air around it, the air becomes denser and falls to the floor. It is replaced by warmer air moving up from below, causing a constant floe of convection and cooling the room.

23. THANK YOU