Building and Finish Materials for architecher.pptx

Building and Finish Materials

1. COURSE NO: ARCH 173 COURSE TITLE: Building and Finish Materials Lecture 1 INTRODUCTION

2. BUILDING MATERIALS Cement Sand Concrete Stone Brick Timber Steel Others Their nature & use

3. What is Building Materials? Building material  is any material which is used for a construction purpose.

4. Indigenous ?  ” Originating, growing, or produced in a certain place or region ” So, what is Indigenous building material ?

5. Indigenous building material Why use these materials? Materials are easily available Indigenous methods of building and local labor Less transportation cost Reduced material cost Minimum wastage Low level of environmental impact Recyclability and reusability Indigenous building material of Bangladesh Mud Bamboo Timber Brick Stone Sand

6. MUD

7. Mud has been the most essential of building materials since the dawn of the man . The mud – house uses minimal energy, is comfortable year round. The mud – house construction uses only simple natural materials, which are any digging soil from the earth mixed with water and added up with paddy or hay or any dried fiber or even recycling garbage . Mud house construction is durable and can be easily recycled . Mud construction also provide air conditioning system which provide cool air from the massive walls . MUD

8. Construction Method: COB

9. Construction Method: RAMMED EARTH

10. Construction Method: ADOBE

11. Construction Method: WATTLE & DAUB

12. Advantages of MUD Environmental impact To save natural resources. To save building materials Main materials are soil and water, mixed to be mud, if the mud is too sticky, we can add up with paddy husky or rice straw or local fiber weed or bamboo. Energy use To save energy Cool in summer (Inside building temperature is about 24°c to 26°c Warm in Winter (Automatic control temperature by passive cooling system ) Capital Expenditure To save money . No air – conditioning, no electricity bills . Humidity Humidity is the crucial factor, mud-house will easily be fungus. Foul odour The brand- new mud-house may have foul odor of crushed green leaves Disadvantages of MUD

13. EXAMPLES OF MUD CONSTRUCTION The Bengal Pavilion

14. EXAMPLES OF MUD CONSTRUCTION Meti School Rudrapur , Dinajpur district, Bangladesh Architects:  Anna Heringer & Eike Roswag

15. EXAMPLES OF MUD CONSTRUCTION

16. EXAMPLES OF MUD CONSTRUCTION Shibam (Yemen) Siwa oasis (western egypt )

17. EXAMPLES OF MUD CONSTRUCTION Taos Pueblo (New Mexico ) Arg -e bam (southeastern Iran,)

18. BAMBOO

19. The largest members of the grass family Grows best in dry and sandy, clayey soil Usually reaches at height 75 ft with circumference of 0.3ft GENERAL INTRODUCTION ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO Tensile strength Very high compared to steel fibers in the bamboo usually run axially (parallel to its length) Shrinking much greater than any other type of wood Drawback that leads to less usages Fire Resistance: high fire resistant capability Filled up with water, it Can stand a temperature of 400° C while the water cooks inside. Elasticity: can be used in earthquake areas due to its elastic nature Weight of bamboo: low weight Easily transported http://www.aboutcivil.org/bamboo-as-building-material.html

20. Bamboo is  easy to cut , handle, repair, reposition and maintain Bamboo is  non-polluting Creates no construction waste rather decomposes easily Light building material Can be utilized for both permanent and temporary constructions Offers  superior earthquake-resistance Does not mandatorily require painting , scraping or polishing Other usages except structural material such as flooring, wall paneling, water pipes, drainage, and furniture ADVANTAGES (Using Bamboo as a building material) http://www.guaduabamboo.com/construction/advantages-of-building-with-bamboo

21. Once cut,  insects  may attack bamboo or wood In permanent contact with soil, like wood, will rot and attract insects Dried bamboo is flammable Bamboo does not have an equal diameter  over all its length Quality bamboo construction requires special techniques for joints and terminals Use of nails DISADVANTAGES (Using Bamboo as a building material) http://www.guaduabamboo.com/construction/advantages-of-building-with-bamboo

22. JOINERY The magic shape

23. Combine the boric acid in a 50/50 ratio with borax. Add water until the dry materials stop dissolving. (5% solution.) Put the preservative into the interior of the bamboo Sit for one week…ready to go! PRESERVATION http://permaculturenews.org/2011/03/09/bamboo-a-great-building-material-gets-even-better/

24. RECOMENDED REFERENCES Aziz. M. A: Engineering Materials. Smith, R. C: Material of construction. Andres, C. K: Manufactures manuals and brochures,