Building service BATH AND WATER FIXTURES WELLNESS PRODUCTS

BUILDING SERVICE - I
BATH AND WATER
FIXTURES
WELLNESS PRODUCTS
1. TAPS
2. MIXERS
3. SINGLE LEVER & QUARTER TURN
4. BATHTUB
5. MULTI-JET BATH
6. RAIN SHOWERS
7. HEALTH FAUCETS
8. TOILET ACCESSORIES
9. SHOWERS
10. SINKS

1. SAUNA BATH
2. STEAM BATH
3. JACUZZI

1. BUILDING SERVICE - I
BATH AND WATER
FIXTURES
WELLNESS PRODUCTS

3. Taps
A tap is a valve controlling the release
of a liquid or gas.Its uses include
drinking, washing, cooking, and the
flushing of toilets.
Material use in manufacturing of water
taps:-
Brass, an alloy of copper , steel and zinc, is the most
widely used material for tap due to its resistance to
soft-water corrosion and hard-water calcification. It
usually contains some alloying elements-like
bismuth-to make it easier to process.
Types of water Taps:- There is different
type of water tap some are given below.
Pillar taps
Mixer taps
Monoblocs
Disk taps
Washerless taps
Water efficient taps
Long handle water tap
Thermostatic Taps
Infra taps
Pull-out tap

4. Piller Tap:- The most traditional style, pillar taps are the
classic "hot and cold" style-two separate taps,
one for each temperature.
Advantage:- Pillar taps tend to be affordable and easy to
install.
Disadvantage:- Two separate tap for hot and cold water.
Uses:- Use in both baths and basins
Monoblocs:- Monobloc taps operate in a similar way
to mixer taps, in that the hot and cold water supplies are
mixed inside the tap, but the temperature and flow is
controlled with just one handle - twisting it to the left or
right adjusts the temperature.
Advantage:- Twisting the handle causes a washer to move up and
down, which controls how much water flows through.
The temperature and flow is controlled with just one
Disadvantage::Higher cost.
Uses:- use in bath and basin tab.

5. Mixer Tap:- Mixer taps have either a single or two handles on either
side of a single spout. Hot and cold water are mixed in the body
of the tap, while. water flow and temperature are controlled by
the individual/separatehandles.
Advantage:- only one tap for hot and cold water and affordable. Can
emerge the hot and cold water.
Disadvantage:- some mixers may require relatively high
pressure to work properly.
Uses:- use in bath and basin. Many mixer taps feature a practical
pop-up waste mechanism.
Disk Taps:- Disk taps are also single handle mixer taps and are
identified by their wide cylindrical body. They work using two ceramic
disks which have holes that, when aligned, allow the water to pass.
This means that disk taps only ever require a quarter turn to reach full
capacity and are easily handled.
Advantage:- Full capacity can easily handle.
Disadvantage:- there are a few parts that need repair after some
time.
small particles of dirt, grit or other foreign body can get trapped.

6. Washerless Tap:- Its a single-handle tap that could control
the hot and cold water with one motion.
These are three types
Ball taps:- ball taps work by pushing a hollow plastic or stainless steel
ball over a rounded cover, which controls the temperature and flow of
the water. These mechanisms are quite complex, and are prone to
leaking more than other types of taps.
Cartridge taps:- cartridge taps have a lever controlling a plastic or
brasscartridge which moves up and down to restrict flow, and from left
to. right to change temperature.
Ceramic taps:- ceramic taps have two ceramic plates which slide over
each other to regulate temperature and flow and require the least
maintenance out of all the types.
Advantages:-Better Protects the Water Valve .
Cheaper Replacement Parts.
Disadvantages:-These are prone to leaking more than other types
of taps.
Maintain cost is more.

7. Water Efficient Tap;-Where possible, you should opt
for taps with the highest WELS rating you can manage, in order to
save water and energy. The exception, of course, is your bath taps;
these are only really used filling a bath, and for this purpose
restricting the flow achieves nothing.
Advantage:- can control the flow of water and also manage the
temperature of water.
Disadvantages:- cant use in wash basin. Only use to fill the bath
tab.
Long Handle Water Tap :- these types taps have long
handle to flow the water from the tap. These are special
type of tap not use in wash basin and bathrooms .
Advantages:- more hygienic and Safe from germs.
Disadvantages:- costly, cant use in home.
Uses:- use in medical, clinic.

8. Thermostatic Taps;-A thermostatic tap is a great
addition to any home where young children or the elderly could
be prone to burning themselves. A thermostatic tap works by
ensuring a constant temperature during use, which makes them a
safer choice for the bathroom
Advantages;- make constant temperature during use.
Disadvantages:- we cant change temperature during using.
Infra Red Taps ;- Infra red taps offer a range of benefits
as well as hygienic properties. Infra red basic taps are
activated by a motion sensor which enables hands-free
Operation, making them a more hygienic choice of
bathroom tap. In addition to this, they feature an automatic
shut off eliminating dripping with no chance of the tap being
left running. Infra red basin taps are easy to use and ideal
for bathrooms used by the less able and the elderly.
Advantage:- more hygienic. Save more water. And safe for
children.
Disadvantages :- not economical. use in five stars hotels.

9. Pull-out tap:- These taps allow you to pull out the tap spout
and fill a container away from the sink, and are therefore extremely
useful for small or shallow sinks, with no room for high utensils. The
spout is similar to a shower head. On the downside, the hose can
puncture if incorrectly used whilst excessive use may wear out the
spring in the long term.
Advantages:- The advantage of being retractable and can be easily
returned to its original position.
Disadvantages:-its cover more space.

10. MIXERS
Bathroom & Kitchen Mixer Taps
Taps and More supplies the finest quality mixer taps for
kitchen and bathroom furnishings of well known brands such
as Dorf, Rossto, OS, Caroma, Novelli, Flexispray, Methven
and more. We have a huge collection of mixer taps for both
wall and floor mounted that ranges from bath shower mixer
taps; vanity basin mixer taps to Kitchen Mixer Taps, laundry
sink mixer taps, ensuring we have a product that suits the
budget and need of our every customer.
Mixer Taps Types
• Bathroom Mixer Taps
• Kitchen Mixer Taps
• Basin Mixer Taps
• Shower Mixer
• Wall Mixer Taps

11. Bathroom Mixer Taps
• Our collection of bathroom mixer
taps will help you transform your
bathroom ideas into a reality.
Kitchen Mixer Taps
• Discover our wide selection of
kitchen mixer taps at Taps and
more online store. Classic and latest
design taps available.
Basin Mixer Taps
A basin mixer tap will add a
trendy touch to your sink,
kitchen basin or bathtub. You
can glance through our finest
range online to uncover great
products.
Shower Mixer
• We stock an awesome range
of shower mixer of the leading
brands. These shower mixer are
a blend of sophistication and
luxury and made for great
functionality.
Wall Mixer Taps
Impress your guests when they
come over and show off your
stylish and modern home at a
fraction of the price.

12. • A sink is a rectangular basin used in kitchen or laboratory
for cleaning utensils and glass ware.
• These may be made of glazed fire clay, stainless steel,
plastic, marble, R.C.C.
• The sink has an outlet(waste hole) usually of about 40mm
diameter.
• The waste hole is provided with gratings so that the entry of
coarse solid substances is prevented. • The outlet pipe
discharges water over a floor trap or nahni trap.
Sink
Common sizes for kitchen sinks
600 x 400 x 150 mm
600 x 450 x 250 mm
750 x 450 x 250 mm

13. BASED ON CONFIGURATION
SINGLE BOWL SINK
Single bowl is designed
with just one bowl and
drain. A great option
when there is not ample
space, and fewer people
in a home who would be
using it
A double-bowl sink is made with
two separate bowls that are of
the same size. These come with
their own particular separate
drains. This is wonderful when
you wash a lot of dishes and
wash in one, rinse in the other.
Or maybe one is designated for
food prep and the other for
dishes.
Allowing you to dry dishes
without a dish-rack is the
main goal of a drainboard
sink. There are some very
neat ways to implement a
drainboard sink into your
kitchen, especially when it is
integrated with your
countertop.
DOUBLE-BOWL SINK DRAINBOARD SINK
TYPES OF SINK

14. This type of sink fits in the corner of the L - shaped
kitchen platform. The advantage is, you can use it
standing on both the side facing towards the platform.
The body of the kitchen sink is made of the same
material that is used as the final top surface of
the kitchen platform. The color and texture of the
sink and the platform looks similar giving a
seamless look to your kitchen platform.
CORNER SINK INTEGRATED SINK

15. The flush mount sink is
BASED ON MOUNTING
The sink is mounted over the kitchen
platform top surface. The sink is
positioned after the completion of
the platform surface work.
The kitchen sink is fixed in line with the
polished top layer of the platform. As
compared to other types, you won't
see any joints between the two
different materials of the platform.
As you can see in fig., the kitchen sink is
mounted beneath the platform's top
surface. A layer of granite top is fixed
over the edge of the sink that is
positioned before, over the sub-base.
TOP MOUNTING
UNDER MOUNTING FLUSH MOUNTING

16. Based On Materials Used
Stainless steel kitchen sink stands in
no.1 position when compared to all
other types of the sink of different
materials, due to its added
advantages. If you are giving more
weightage to the work rather than the
aesthetic look, then stainless steel sink
is made for you. The only
disadvantage is, it makes the clinking
sound of the utensils while washing
them, as it is made of a metal body.
Copper sinks provide a  traditional, rural
type look to your platform. They are
sturdy, giving a heavier appearance to
your kitchen. Copper is known to have
anti-bacterial properties. Copper metal
has the tendency to react with the acids.
STAINLESS STEEL COPPER
The cast iron is enameled to give the
pleasant look having different color
shades. They are heavier and thicker when
compared to the SS sink. They are usually
enameled with a porcelain material that
has a tendency to chip if used roughly.
CAST IRON

17. The ceramic sink is made of a fire clay
material by treating under high
temperatures. This type of sink is ok for
the dentists ,doctors, or any such working
professionals, where the washing of any
tools are lighter in weight. This type of
sink is not good for washing heavier
utensils when compared to the metal
sinks
Porcelain is also a fire clay material,
where kaolin clay is used in the
manufacturing process. The tile
cladding is done to the inner area of
the sink that matches the one, that is
fixed over the kitchen platform. The
disadvantage is, they are breakable or
they can develop cracks if the steel
utensil hammers it.
They are made of crushed quartz
material mixed with granite or
similar stone powder blended with
resins and chemicals. They are
manufactured having scratch-proof,
heat resistant, and stain-proof
qualities, to fit well as a kitchen sink
material. They are stylish and
durable, but they add more money
to your home budget.
COMPOSITE PORCELAIN CERAMIC SINK
Based On Materials Used

18. Marble stone comes in the
lower price range when
compared to the granite slab of
the same size and thickness. The
fixing procedure is similar to the
granite, but marble is used
when lighter color shades are
chosen to match the kitchen
coloring, at the lower budget
cost.
Granite is the preferred stone in the
construction field, as they are
harder, can be polished with a
smooth surface, and can be cut and
placed to provide you the required
dimension. The granite slab of the
same surface design is used for both
the platform top and in the sink. The
sink of the required dimension which
you prefer can be cut and molded
with a royal finishing look.
They are reinforced plastic
materials, that are
unbreakable and lighter in
weight. FRP sink comes in a
variety of colors and
shapes to match the
platform colors and of your
choice.
FRP kitchen sink:

19. •A sauna is typically a room heated to
between 70° to 100° Celsius or 158° to
212° Fahrenheit.
•Traditional Finnish saunas usually use dry
heat, with a relative humidity that is often
between 10 and 20 percent. In other
sauna types, the moisture is higher.
Turkish-style saunas, for example, involve
a greater level of humidity.
•A sauna use can raise the skin
temperature to roughly 40° Celsius or
104° Fahrenheit.
•As the skin temperature rises, heavy
sweating also occurs. The heart rate rises
as the body attempts to keep cool. It is
not uncommon to lose about a pint of
sweat while spending a short time in a
sauna.
Sauna Bath

20. •Wood burning: Wood is used to heat the
sauna room and sauna rocks. Wood-burning
saunas are usually low in humidity and high in
temperature.
•Electrically heated: Similar to wood-burning
saunas, electrically-heated saunas have high
temperatures and low humidity. An electrical
heater, attached to the floor, heats the sauna
room.
•Infrared room: Far-infrared saunas (FIRS) are
different to wood-burning and electrically-heated
saunas. Special lamps use light waves to heat a
person’s body, not the entire room. Temperatures
are typically lower than other saunas, but the
person sweats in a similar way. Usually, infrared
saunas are about 60° Celsius.
•Steam room: These are different from saunas.
Instead of dry heat, a steam room involves high
humidity and moist heat.
Types of saunas

21. •A sauna that uses a wood burning stove, or a more
modern electric stove can be used as a wet or dry
sauna.
•The difference will depend on the temperature and
humidity inside. Wet home saunas are often called
steam saunas.
•Most saunas today use a heater and some type of
volcanic rocks. In both cases, the rocks are heated
to a high temperature.
• The main difference between a wet and dry sauna
is the water that is splashed over the rocks in a
sauna that is wet.
• Because the rocks-are heated to such an extreme
temperature, the water vaporizes very quickly
causing steam to form.
•In a dry sauna, there is no water, just heated rocks.
Wet & Dry Saunas

22. •Easing pain : Increased circulation may
help reduce muscle soreness, improve joint
movement, and ease arthritis pain.
•Reducing stress levels : As the heat in a
sauna improves circulation, it may also
promote relaxation. This can improve
feelings of well-being.
•Improving cardiovascular health : The
reduction in stress levels when using a
sauna may be linked to a lower risk of
cardiovascular events.
Health benefits
•Skin problems : A dry sauna dries the
skin during use.
•Asthma : People with asthma may find
relief from some symptoms as a result of
using a sauna. A sauna may help open
airways, loosen phlegm, and reduce stress.

23. 1.Experiencing burns
2. Exposure to harmful organisms
3.Dehydration
4.Exposure to health risks
5.High core body temperature
6.Avoid the polar plunge
Disadvantages of a Sauna Bath
1.Reduced stress levels
2. Improved muscle and joint recovery
3. Getting rid of toxins
4. Social benefits
5. Burning calories
6. Boosts Immunity
7.Better sleep
Advantages of a Sauna Bath

24. •The stove heats the rocks above it then water
is poured on the rocks to be turned into
steam inside the sauna room
•Electricity-powered stoves need sturdy
heater guard installed according to
heater manufacturer specifications.
Sauna Heater
• Most important element in the sauna
room and it is responsible for vaporising
water into steam.
• Sauna Heater varies in shape and size
to fit different sauna uses, rooms, uses....
etc
Sauna important Features
• Heater
• Vents & Air Circulation
• Sauna Foil Vapour Barrier

25. How it works
•Wood-burning sauna heaters have much hotter
surface temps, so they don't typically use a
heater guard and usually require a brick or
stone wall inlay near heater to act as a heat
shield.
•Rocks Used to store much heat to be used in
vaporising water when poured, Rocks must
be replaced every year OR 500 hours of use.
•The heater must be placed on a concrete-like
base. In case of wood finishing, It must be placed
on a brick base with 30cm offset around the
heater base covered with a 2mm steel sheet.
•In case of brick walls, The heater must be placed
around 2"/5cm apart from the wall and in case of
wooden walls the distance is no less then 50cm.
•The heater is also connected to chimney from brick
or metal to emit the smoke (produced from burning)
outside. Chimney pipe diameter is no less than 4">

26. Steam Bath
•Steam baths provide a variety of health and beauty
benefits, suitable for almost anyone. Warm, moist heat
supplies sink into the skin, joints and muscles.
•The skin responds by opening the pores, cleaning
several layers deep into the dermis.
•The origins of the steam bath come from the Roman bath,
which began during the height of the Roman Empire.
•These Roman baths were supplied by natural hot springs
from beneath the ground.
•Today, natural steam baths still exist, and often still use
similar systems that the Romans used, which contain
pipes and pumps that bring water up and into the
large pool areas, wherever the natural springs exist.
Heaters are also now used to maintain warm
temperatures in the baths.

27. •Most healthy adults can take a weekly steam
bath for routine cleansing and relaxation.
•Sometimes athletes and other fitness
enthusiasts, take steam bath before and after a
workout.
• Those who have acne, sore muscles and joints,
depression, anxiety and arthritis may take up
to two per day, unless a doctor advises
otherwise
Use of Steam Bath
Benefits of steam Bath :
•Skin Detoxification
•Improved Circulation
•Breathe Better
•Soothe Muscle Soreness
•Relaxation station
•Weight loss
•Burn excess calories

28. Advantages of Steam Bath
•Old people will surely benefit from this since joint
pains and other body pains can be relieved.
•It can also help reduce weight for those who are
overweight and in need of losing fat.
•It will also regulate and stimulate the flow of your
blood and make your metabolism work
•faster.
•It also makes your skin looks fresh, young looking and
truly healthy
Disadvantages of Steam Bath
•Since steam baths uses tap water, the things in it will
be absorbed by your skin such as chlorine, and other
chemicals which may not be healthy to your body.
•The humid temperature of a steam room is an easy
breeding ground for bacteria and other viruses which
may pose a risk to your health.
•Improper installation of these steam baths may cause
headaches to the users.
•The heat emitted from the steam room may not be
good for those who have asthma and heart
•problems.

29. The steam bath benefits can be divided into 3
categories:
• Physical health benefits
• Mental health benefits
• Skin health benefits
Steam Bath benefits
1. Physical steam bath benefits
•This healthy sweating is known to be helpful
with respiratory troubles like
•Asthma
•Bronchitis
•Coughs
•Allergies
•It has also proven helpful for detoxification,
having positive effects on liver and circulation
•problems
•Steam bath for weight loss.

30. 2. Mental steam bath benefits
•Steam baths can also be very healthful when
it comes to your state of mind. It is a well-
known relaxant that can help you overcome
•Stress
•Anxiety
•Sleeping disorders (especially through over-
excitability)
•Negative energies
3. Steam bath benefits for your skin
•A good sweat is perfect to keep your skin
healthy; sweating cleans the skin better than
any soap and water. It stimulates the blood
flow under your skin, opens up your pores
and washes out more dirt, dead skin cells.
•The heat also opens up your veins bringing
more oxygen and nutrients to your skin
surface.

31. Steam Baths Types
•Steam bath 40-45°C, 100% humidity
The Steam bath is the classical hot steam bath,
used since ancient times, where you can bathe in a
pleasantly humid and cozy environment.
•Hammam 40-45°C, variable humidity
Hammams are traditional wellness centres of the Arab
world. Usually very spacious, in a classical style of
refined mosaics and fountains, with 3 or 4 rooms at
different temperatures. Most of them also have a
platform for massages.
•Laconicum, 65°C, dry
The specific heating for these kind of cabins allows a
pleasant sweating, that can be very useful to eliminate
toxins, metabolism waste products, fatty acids and
impurities. The heat is induced through the benches
(about 39°C) and through the walls (about 65°C).

32. •Calidarium, 45-48°C, medium-high humidity
The high quantity of steam is designed to help
general relaxation, whilst invigorating muscles and
skin and allowing the cleansing of skin pores and
favouring blood circulation. Temperatures are
between 45 and 48° C, humidity medium-high and
benches are heated at 39°C. Herbs and natural
essences can also be used.
•Tepidarium, 37-39°C, low humidity
The Tepidarium offers an optimal support for the
immunity and regenerative activities of the body.
Heat is equally distributed in all parts of the body,
making it a perfect place for resting and recuperating
from daily stress.
•Steam bath enriched with salt steam.
This particular steam bath is equipped with a salt
micronizer that guarantees the correct percentage of
salt is released into the air, to further amplify the
beneficial effects of the sitting.

33. Single Stack System
•System where only 1 pipe is required and it does
not need vent pipe as it can function as vent pipe.
•Discharge in branching pipes fro sanitary fitting are
transferred into single stack pipe.
•The flow is then drained into the drainage pipe.
•The system is appropriate for multi- storey
buildings.
•Sanitary fitting should be installed near the single
stack pipe to reduce the length of the branching
pipe and minimum the sound of flow in the pipe.
•The sanitary fitting should be connected to the
single stack pipe separately.
•This system is easy to install.

34. •This system uses 2 single stack pipes, one for
waste and the others is for soil.
•Both of the single stack pipes have individual
ventilation system.
•The waste discharge pipe drains wastewater
from the shower tray, WB and bathtub.
•The soil discharge pipe drains soil water
from the WC and urinal.
•The single stack pipe is then connected to the
underground drainage pipe.
•This system is suitable when the waste fitting
is located far from the waste water fitting.
Double Stack System

35. System Types of Pipes Advantages Disadvantages
Dual Pipe
1.Waste single stack pipe
2. Soil single stack pipe
1. More effective
drainage
1. Require two types of pipe
2.Complicated installation-work
Single Stack
1. Waste and soil single stack
pipe
1.Require only one
single stack pipe
1. Ventilation is less efficient

36. Thank you