C Programming : data types and types of variable.pptx

The document provides an introduction to data types in C, types of datatype, types of primary datatypes, explained with examples , size of datatypes, types of derived datatypes, types of user defined datatypes and also covering topics such as variables,
types of variables. Examples are provided to illustrate C code.
And practice program with some MCQ questions to familiar with the concepts.

1. C Programming By Mrs. B. Dhivya M.C.A., M.Phil., Technical Trainer / Assistant Professor, CTPCR Sri Ramakrishna College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore. Data Types and Variables

2. Data types in C Each variable in C has an associated data type. It specifies the type of data that the variable can store . Each data type requires different amounts of memory.

3. Why Data Types? Every variable must have a type. Every variable should get some space in the memory. Help the compiler decide how many bits should be reserved for a variable.

4. Datatypes in C Primary datatype Derived datatype User defined datatype

5. Datatypes in C (contd..)

6. Integer Data Type Range:   -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 Size:  4 bytes Format Specifier :  %d eg : int var_name ; int a;

7. Character Data Type Character data type allows its variable to store only a single character. Range:  (-128 to 127) or (0 to 255) Size:  1 byte Format Specifier :  %c Eg : char var_name ; char a;

8. Float Data Type Float in C is used to store decimal and exponential values. Range:  1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38 Size:  4 bytes Format Specifier :  %f Eg : float a;  

9. Double Data Type Double has more precision as compared to that float then it is much more obvious that it occupies twice the memory occupied by the floating-point type. Range: 1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308 Size: 8 bytes Format Specifier : %lf Eg : double var_name ; double a;

10. Void Data Type The void data type in C is used to specify that no value is present. It does not provide a result value to its caller. It has no values and no operations. // function return type void void exit( int check); // Function without any parameter can accept void. int print( void ); // memory allocation function which // returns a pointer to void. void * malloc ( size_t size);

11. Size of Data Types in C The size of the data types in C is dependent on the size of the architecture. sizeof () operator to check the size of the data types. Eg : printf ("Size of int : % zu bytes\n", sizeof ( int ));

12. Derived data types Array Pointers Structures Union

13. Userdefined data types function Enum Type def

14. Variables in C A  variable  is a name of the memory location. It is used to store data. Its value can be changed, and it can be reused many times. Eg ; int a; float b; char d;

15. Types of Variables in C There are many types of variables in c: local variable global variable static variable automatic variable external variable

16. Output? #include < stdio.h > int main() { int arr [10]; double dArr [5]; printf ("Size of arr : % zu bytes\n", sizeof ( arr )); printf ("Size of dArr : % zu bytes\n", sizeof ( dArr )); return 0; } Output: Size of arr : 40 bytes Size of dArr : 40 bytes

17. Output? #include < stdio.h > int main() { printf ("Size of int : % zu bytes\n", sizeof ( int )); printf ("Size of char: % zu byte\n", sizeof (char)); printf ("Size of float: % zu bytes\n", sizeof (float)); printf ("Size of double: % zu bytes\n", sizeof (double)); return 0; } Output: Size of int : 4 bytes Size of char: 1 byte Size of float: 4 bytes Size of double: 8 bytes

18. Output? #include < stdio.h > int main() { int x = 10; double y = 12.34; char z = 'A'; printf ("Size of x: % zu bytes\n", sizeof (x)); printf ("Size of y: % zu bytes\n", sizeof (y)); printf ("Size of z: % zu byte\n", sizeof (z)); return 0; } Output: Size of x: 4 bytes Size of y: 8 bytes Size of z: 1 byte

19. Predict the Output or error of the C Program 1) #include < stdio.h > int main() { int x = 2147483647; x = x + 1; printf ("%d\n", x); return 0; } A) Compiler Error B) -2147483648 C) 2147483648 D) Undefined Behavior Output: -2147483648 it overflows and wraps around to the minimum value of a signed int , which is -2147483648. This is an example of signed integer overflow.

20. 2) #include < stdio.h > int main() { unsigned int x = 4294967295; x = x + 1; printf ("%u\n", x); return 0; } Output:

21. #include < stdio.h > int main() { int x = 5 / 2; printf ("%d\n", x); return 0; } A) 2 B) 2.5 C) 2.0 D) Compiler Error Answer: A) 2

22. 4) #include < stdio.h > int main() { int x = -3 % 2; printf ("%d\n", x); return 0; } A) -1 B) 1 C) 0 D) Compiler Error Answer: -1

23. 5) #include < stdio.h > int main() { float x = 1.1; printf ("%f\n", x); return 0; } A) 1.1 B) 1.100000 C) Compiler Error D) Undefined Behavior Answer: 1.100000

24. 6) #include < stdio.h > int main() { float x = 0.1; if (x == 0.1) printf ("Equal\n"); else printf ("Not Equal\n"); return 0; } Answer: Not equal

25. 7) #include < stdio.h > int main() { float x = 1.0 / 0.0; printf ("%f\n", x); return 0; } Answer: Infinity

26. 8) #include < stdio.h > int main() { float x = 0.0 / 0.0; printf ("%f\n", x); return 0; } Answer: NaN ( not a number)

27. 9) #include < stdio.h > int main() { double x = 1.0 / 3.0; printf ("%.10f\n", x); return 0; } Answer: 0.3333333333

28. 10) #include < stdio.h > int main() { char ch = 'A'; printf ("%c\n", ch + 1); return 0; } A) A B) B C) 66 D) Compiler Error Answer: B

29. 11) #include < stdio.h > int main() { char ch = 128; printf ("%d\n", ch ); return 0; } A) 128 B) -128 C) Compiler Error D) Undefined Behavior Answer: B) -128

30. 12) #include < stdio.h >    int main() {    float c = 5.0;     printf ("Temperature in Fahrenheit is %.2f", (9/5)*c + 32);    return 0; } (A)  Temperature in Fahrenheit is 41.00 (B)  Temperature in Fahrenheit is 37.00 (C)  Temperature in Fahrenheit is 0.00 (D)  Compiler Error Answer: B)

31. Assessment 1 Program to check if the given number is prime or not. 2. Program to find factorial of a number in C.