C statements

C ++ Statement

1. Algorithm Algorithm is a step-by-step procedure developed to solve a problem before writing an actual program. Algorithm is a complete procedure or plan that describes the logic of a program.

2. Flow Charting Symbols  Flow line: A line with an arrow head represents the flow of control between various symbols in a flow chart. Terminal symbol: start Stop Input/output Symbol

3. Decision making in C++ Decision making is about deciding the order of execution of statements based on certain conditions or repeat a group of statements until certain specified conditions are met. C++ handles decision-making by supporting the following statements, if statement switch statement conditional operator statement goto statement

4. Decision making with If statement The if statement may be implemented in different forms depending on the complexity of conditions to be tested. The different forms are, Simple if statement If....else statement Nested if....else statement else if statement

5. Simple if statement  The general form of a simple if statement is, if (expression { statement-inside; { statement -outside ; If the expression is true, then 'statement-inside' it will be executed, otherwise 'statement-inside' is skipped and only 'statement-outside' is executed.

6. Example : #include< iostream.h> int main( ) { int x,y; x=15; y=13; if (x > y ) { cout << "x is greater than y"; getch(); }

7. If..else statement  The general form of a simple if...else statement is, if( expression ) { statement-block1; { else { statement-block2; }  If the 'expression' is true, the 'statement-block1' is executed, else 'statement-block1' is skipped and 'statement-block2' is executed.

8. Example : void main( ) { int x,y; x=15; y=18; if (x > y ) { cout << "x is greater than y"; } else { cout << "y is greater than x"; } }

9. Nested if....else statement  The general form of a nested if...else statement is, if( expression ) { if( expression1 ) { statement-block1; } Else { statement-block 2; } } else { statement-block 3; } if 'expression' is false the 'statement-block3' will be executed, otherwise it continues to perform the test for 'expression 1' . If the 'expression 1' is true the 'statement-block1' is executed otherwise 'statement- block2' is executed.

10. Switch statement . switch statement :- this is multiple conditional statement switch check the condition if condition is true then perform the statement and totally depend upon the value of variable otherwise perform the default statement Prototype :- switch < expression> Case <statement > Case <statement > Case <statement > Case <statement > default <statement >

11. Go to statement A go to statement provides an unconditional jump from the goto to a labeled statement in the same function. SYNTAX : The syntax of a go to statement in C++ is: go to label; .. . label: statement; Where label is an identifier that identifies a labeled statement. A labeled statement is any statement that is preceded by an identifier followed by a colon (:).

12. Flow chart