C3 and C4 plants Botany

C3 plants uses C3 cycle or Calvin cycle for dark reaction of photosynthesis. C4 plants uses C4 cycle or Hatch-Slack Pathway for the dark reaction of photosynthesis. Examples of C3 plants: Wheat, Rye, Oats, Rice, Cotton, Sunflower, Chlorella. Examples of C4 plants: Maize, Sugarcane, Sorghum, Amaranthus.

1. C3 And C4 PLANTS

2. Contents: Photosynthesis Cycle Habitat 3. Example 4 . A d v a n ta g e C3 And C4 PLANTS

3. C3 plants are plants in which the initial product of the assimilation of Carbon dioxide through photosynthesis is 3-pohospgoglycerate, which contain 3 carbon atoms. C3 PLANTS

4. This carbon dioxide enters through the stomata. Carbon dioxide binds with a sugar molecule by the help of enzyme “ RuBisCo ”. This combination of sugar and carbon consist of three carbons that’s why called “C3 plants”. Photosynthesis of C3 Plants Calvin Cycle

5. This reaction takes place in the stroma of Chloroplast. These plants proceed dark reaction. They are less efficient of photosynthesis. C3 PLANTS Calvin Cycle

6. About 85% of plants are C3 type on earth. Examples: Sugar beat , Barely , Rice , Cotton are common examples. Habitat: They are most efficient at cool and wet climates. Examples and habitat

7. Plants that form 4 carbon sugar during the Calvin Cycle knows as C4 Plants. C4 PLANTS

8. Carbon dioxide enters in the Mesophyll cells and form a 4- Carbon organic acid ( Oxaloacetate). This process is carried out by a Non RuBisCo enzyme PEP (Carboxylase). It has not the tendency to bind with oxygen. Oxaloacetate then converted into the Malate. Malate then transpoted to the Bundle- Sheath cells. Breakdown of Malate release the carbon dioxide molecule that is fixed by the RuBisCo enzyme. Photosynthesis of C4 Plants Cycle

9. C4 PLANTS

10. Examples and Habitat Examples: Maize Pigweed Sugar cane Habitat: They are most efficient at hot and dry places . C4 plants are about 5% of earth .

11. C3 plants bundle sheath do not contains Chloroplast while C4 plants contain. C4 plants carry Hatch Slack cycle while C3 plants Carry Calvin Cycle. Difference between C3 and C4 plants