CA_Lesson_1_Methods+of+Science and tecnology.pptx

Methods of science

1. Methods of Science Lesson 1

2. Focus Question What do physicists do?

3. New Vocabulary physics scientific methods hypothesis model scientific theory scientific law

4. Review Vocabulary control: a baseline test or observation used for comparing against other results in an experiment

5. Scientific Methods Physics is the branch of science that studies matter, energy and their relationships. Although physicists do not always follow a rigid set of steps, investigations often follow patterns called scientific methods . A scientist might add new steps, repeat some steps, or skip steps altogether.

6. Scientific Methods Many investigations begin when someone observes an event in nature and wonders why or how it occurs. The question of “why” or “how” is the problem. Researching information already known about a problem helps to fine-tune the question.

7. Scientific Methods A hypothesis is a possible explanation for a problem using what you know and have observed. Hypotheses can be tested by: Observations Models Experiments (Test the effect of one thing on another, using a control.)

8. Scientific Methods An important part of every investigation is recording observations and organizing data into tables and graphs. The next step is to decide whether the hypothesis is supported. If so, the data must be reproducible. If not, the hypothesis must be reconsidered.

9. Models A model is a representation of an idea, event, structure, or object that helps people better understand it. Scientists use models when an object is too large or too small, when a process takes too much time, or when a material is hazardous. Why do scientists use a model to represent the atom?

10. Scientific Theories and Laws A scientific theory is an explanation of things or events based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations. A theory is not a hypothesis; it is what a hypothesis becomes after numerous trials producing data that support the hypothesis. A theory is never permanent. It can change as new data becomes available.

11. Scientific Theories and Laws A scientific law is a statement about what happens in nature and seems to be true all the time. Laws tell you what will happen under certain conditions, but they do not explain why or how something happens. Example: Gravity The law of gravity states that any one mass will attract another mass. There are many theories that have been proposed to explain how gravity works.

12. The Limitations of Science Science cannot explain or solve every question. A scientific question must be testable and verifiable. Questions about opinions, values, or emotions are not scientific and cannot be tested.

13. Determine if each of the following questions can be answered by science. The Limitations of Science How does a force change the motion of an object? Which season is best? How does a battery work? Was Mark Twain a good writer? Should we have pizza or hamburgers for lunch? Under what conditions is energy conserved?

14. Determine if each of the following questions can be answered by science. The Limitations of Science How does a force change the motion of an object? Science can answer this question because an experiment would provide the answer. Which season is best? Science cannot answer this question because it is an opinion. How does a battery work? Science can answer this question because an experiment would provide the answer.

15. Determine if each of the following questions can be answered by science. The Limitations of Science Was Mark Twain a good writer? Science cannot answer this question because it is an opinion. Should we have pizza or hamburgers for lunch? Science cannot answer this question because it is an opinion. Under what conditions is energy conserved? Science can answer this question because an experiment would provide the answer.

16. Quiz ecosystems D the structure of the universe C properties of compounds B the structure of cells A Which of the following is a physicist most likely to study? 1. CORRECT

17. Quiz state the problem D draw conclusions C modify the hypothesis B form a hypothesis A Which is the most likely first step for an investigation that follows a scientific method? 2. CORRECT

18. Quiz models D predictions C scientific theories B scientific laws A Which are representations of ideas, events, structures, or objects that help people better understand them? 3. CORRECT

19. Quiz model D hypothesis C scientific law B scientific theory A Which is an explanation of things or events based on knowledge gained from many investigations? 4. CORRECT

20. Quiz conclusion D scientific theory C hypothesis B scientific law A Which is a statement about what happens in nature and seems to be true all the time? 5. CORRECT