Callus culture and it's application

Callus culture unorganized and undifferentiated mass of cell

1. SHRI SHIVAJI SCIENCE COLLEGE, AMRAVATI
2022 - 2023


Department Of Biotechnology
B.Sc.Part - III (Semester- Vl)
Topic- Callus Culture And It's
Application

Presented By - Mayur
Anant
Dakhore

Assigned By - Dr. Dinesh Khedkar
Mrs. Mayuri Kuralkar
Mrs. Priyanka Dhakulkar

2. Callus Culture :-


●Callus is undifferentiated and unorganized mass of plant cells.
●It is tumor tissue which usually forms on wounds of
differentiate tissues or organs.
●Callus cells are parenchymatous in nature although not truely
homogenous.
●Callus contain some quantity of differentiated tissue, besides
the bulk of non-differentiated tissue.
●Callus formation in vivo is frequently observed as a result of
wounds at the cut edges of stems or roots.

3. Explants for callus culture:-
●The starting materials (explants) for callus culture may
be the differentiated tissue from any part of the plant
(root, stem, leaf, anther, flower etc.).
●The selected explant tissues may be at different stages
of cell division, cell proliferation and organization into
different distinct specialized structures.
●If the explant used possesses meristematic cells, then
the cell division and multiplication will be rapid.

4. Factors affecting callus culture formation in vitro:-
●Source of the explant and its genotype.
●Composition of the medium (MS medium most commonly
used).
●Physical factors (temperature, light etc.).
●Growth factors.



Other important factors affecting callus culture are:-
●Age of the plant.
●Location of explant.
●Physiology and growth conditions of the plant.

5. Temperature:-
In range of 22-28°C is suitable for adequate callus
formation.

Light:-
It is largely dependent on the plant species light may
be essential for some plants while darkness is required
by others.

Physical factor affecting callus culture:-

6. ●It strongly influence callus formation.
●Based on the nature of the explant and its genotype, and
the endogenous content of the hormone, the requirements
of growth regulators may be categorized into 3 groups

1. Auxin alone

2. Cytokinin alone

3. Both auxin and cytokinin.
Growth regulators affecting callus culture:-

7. Callus Culture:-
1.Explant collected
from parental plant
and surface
sterilized.
2. Explant transfered to
the
growth medium.
3. Explant shows growth
and callus formation.

8. Suspension culture from callus:-
●Suspension cultures can be initiated by transferring
friable callus to liquid nutrient medium.
●As the medium is liquid in nature, the pieces of
callus remain submerged.
●Creating anaerobic condition and ultimately the
cells may die.
●For this reason, suspension cultures have to be
agitated by a rotary shaker. Due to agitation, the
cells gets dispersed, besides their exposure to
aeration.

9. Applications of callus cultures:-
Callus cultures are slow-growth plant culture in static medium.
This enables to conduct several studies related to many aspects of plants
(growth, differentiation and metabolism) as listed below.


●Nutritional requirements of plants.

●Cell and organ differentiation.

●Development of suspension and protoplast cultures.

●Somaclonal variations.

●Genetic transformations.

●Production of secondary metabolites and their regulation.

10. References :-
●Biotechnology,
By U Satyanarayan.

●Introduction to Plant
Biotechnology,
By H.S.Chawla.

11. THANK YOU!
Have A Great Life.