Callus induction and plant regeneration from maize.pptx

Maize, the third most important cereal crops around the world, is a vital crop for livestock and human food products. In terms of productivity, industrial products and animal feed and fodder, maize is one of the most important crops. (Pathi et al., 2013). Maize ( Zea mays ), also called corn, is believed to have originated in central Mexico 7000 years ago from a wild grass and then the native Americans transformed it into a better source of food. Maize contains approximately 72% starch, 10% protein, and 4% fat, supplying an energy density of 365 Kcal/100g and is grown worldwide. United States, China and Brazil being the top three maize-producing countries in the world respectively, producing approximately 563 of the 717 million metric tons/year. In Bangladesh, maize cultivation started in the early 19th century (1809) in the districts of Rangpur and Dinajpur (Begum and Khatun, 2006). Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) has been conducting research on the varietal development of maize since 1960 with a thrust to develop composite varieties. So far, BARI has developed seven open pollinated and eleven hybrid varieties (Begum and Khatun, 2006; BARI, 2008).

1. CALLUS INDUCTION AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM MAIZE ( Zea mays L.) Shampa Mollik

2. Introduction In terms of productivity, industrial products and animal feed and fodder, maize ( Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops. Figure 1.Maize ( Zea mays L.)

3. Maize contains approximately 72% starch, 10% protein, and 4% fat, supplying an energy density of 365 Kcal/100g and is grown worldwide. In Bangladesh, maize cultivation started in the early 19th century and BARI has developed seven open pollinated and eleven hybrid varieties. Plant tissue culture, especially callus culture could be useful in improving existing maize varieties.

4. Objectives To find out the optimum concentration of BA for mature maize embryo culture. To find out the optimum concentration of 2, 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and α-napthalene acetic acid (NAA) for callus induction. To investigate the effects of cytokinin (BA) and auxin (NAA and Kn) on plant regeneration from callus.

5. Materials Maize seeds BA 2, 4-D NAA Kn Material Medium Sterilizing Agent Growth Regulators 70%Ethanol 1% HgCl 2 MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962)

6. Methods Preparation of stock solution Preparation of maize seeds sterilization of maize seeds

7. Inoculation of sterilized seeds Incubation in culture room Maintenance of cultured plant Data collection and Analysis

8. Results

9. Table 1: Response of growth regulator on embryo culture of maize ( Zea mays L.)

10. Figure 2. Effect of growth regulator (BA) on plant growth ( Zea mays L.).

11. Callus culture Inoculation of embryo derived shoots into MS media for callus induction. The MS media was supplemented with different concentration and combination of 2, 4-D and NAA. Maintenance of cultured callus Data collection and Analysis

12. Table 2: Response of growth regulators on callus induction of maize

13. Figure 3. Effect of Growth regulators (2, 4-D and NAA) on callus induction.

14. Regeneration Callus was inoculated into MS media for regeneration. The media was supplemented with BA, NAA and Kn Data collection and analysis

15. Table 3: Response of growth regulators on maize ( Zea mays L.) regeneration from callus

16. Figure 4. Effect of growth regulators (BA, NAA and Kn) on regeneration of maize ( Zea mays L.).

17. Conclusion This is a preliminary work regarding in vitro regeneration of maize plant. The optimum ratio between the concentration of cytokinin and auxin plays an important role in embryo culture, callus induction and plant regeneration. These results might help in the further study of this plant in respect to genetic manipulation.

18. Thanks to All……