Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

CPR

1. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Presented by Monika Devi Msc(N) HCN, SRHU

2. introduction CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique useful in many emergencies including heart attack or near drowning in which some one’s breathing or heart beat has stopped.

3. definition Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a techniques of basic life support for oxygenating the brain and heart untill appropriate, definition medical treatment can restore normal heart and ventilatory action.

4. purposes To maintain an open and clear airway To maintain breathing by external ventilation. To maintain blood circulating by external cardiac massages. To save life of the patient. To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support arrives.

5. indication Cardiac arrest Respiratory arrest Drowning Foreign body in throat Smoke inhalation Drug overdose Suffocation Accidental injury Coma

6. Principles of CPR To restore effective circulation and ventilation To prevent irreversible central damage due to anorexia . When the heart fails to maintain the cerebral circulation for approximately four minutes the brain may suffer irreversible damage.

7. Standard method of CPR The standard method of CPR has been A-B-C, ‘A’ for airway, ‘B’ for breathing and ‘C’ for compressions. But recently the American Heart Association (AHA) has changed it from Airway, Breathing & Circulation (ABC)to Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing (CAB)

8. Steps in cpr :- Before starting CPR, check:- Is the person conscious or unconscious? If the person appears unconscious, tap or shake his or her shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you OK?" If the person doesn't respond, call the local emergency number and begin CPR.

9. 2.circulation Restore blood circulation with chest compressions. Put the person on his or her back on a firm surface. Place the heel of one hand over the centre of the person's chest. Place your other hand on top of the first hand. Use your upper body weight and compress the chest at least 2 inches. Push hard & fast at a rate of about 100 compressions a minute. chest compressions to restore circulation

10. 3. airway (3) Airway:- Clear the airway Open the person's airway using the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver.

11. Cont… Check for normal breathing. Look for chest rise, listen for normal breath sounds, and feel for the person's breath on your cheek. If the person isn't breathing normally , begin mouth-to-mouth breathing.

12. 4. breathing (4) Breathing:- Breathe for the person Rescue breathing can be mouth-to-mouth breathing or mouth-to-nose breathing. Using Head tilt-Chin lift maneuver give two rescue breaths.

13. Cont... 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths is considered 1 cycle. Or 1 cycle = 30: 2 Continue CPR until 5cycles are completed. If the person has not begun moving after five cycles, administer one shock by using Automated external defibrillator (AED). Continue CPR until there are signs of movement or emergency medical personnel take over.

14. Nursing management Maintain airway patency with use of airway adjuncts as required (suction, high flow oxygen with oxygen or bag valve mask ventilation). Assist with intubation and securing of ETT inserts gastric tube and facilitates gastric decompression past intubation as required. Assists with ongoing management of airway patency and adequate ventilation. Support less experienced staff by coaching ?guidance e.g. drug preparation.

15. Cont… If a shock able rhythm is present ensure manual defibrillator pads are applied and connected. If cpr is an progress, prepare and independently double of adrenaline. Prepare and administer i/v fluids. Document medications administered (including time).

16. summary

17. references

18. Thank You