CARPENTRY WEEK 1(Physical description and usage

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD and is descriptions, usage

1. CARPENTRY GRADE 9

2. TECHNOLOGY LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION – CO M PUTER SYSTEM SERVICING Prepared by: MARIO A. ALVARADO II Teacher LESSON 1. Prepare Tools. Equipment and Materials for Staking out Building lines.

3. Before the Start of a Carpentry Activity: 1. Select materials, tools and equipment needed in the assigned task 2. Properly set up the required tools and materials in a place convenient for you to move and execute your work 3. Clean the table and tools, see to it that these are free from dust and other elements that would cause damage to your work 4. Wash your hands with clean water

4. REMINDER: Each tool is precisely designed for a specific purpose, so choosing the correct tool will also decrease the amount of effort required to get a job done right without causing damage to either the equipment or the surface being worked on. Choosing the right tools will also help you save time, materials and effort.

5. At the end of the lesson, you are expected to do the following:  Identify Tools, and Materials for staking out building lines  Prepare Tools and Materials for staking out building lines  Select appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

6. INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1 LAYING – OUT: means the process of locating and fixing reference lines which define the position of the foundation and outside walls of the building to be erected. Preliminary to laying – laying out is staking out, it is important that the exact location of the building lines. The position of all corners of the building must be marked in some way so that when excavation will start, the working men will know the exact boundaries of the wall.

7. DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN LAYING – OUT: BATTER BOARD A board nailed to post set beyond the corners of a building excavation, used to indicate the exact corners of a building. It serves as a horizontal plane where the reference points of building measurements are establish. It may be a single, double, or continuous batter board.

8. 2. REFERENCE LINES Any line which serves as reference or base for the measurement out of other quantities. 3. STAKE A stick of wood sharpened at one end and set into the ground to act as boundary marker (support or hold something) 4. STAKING OUT The process of driving stake, thereby locating the corner of an excavation.

9. 5. THE LINE There are several lines which must be located at some time during construction and they should be carefully distinguished. a. Line of excavation, which is the outside line b. The face line of the basement wall inside the excavation line. c. Ashlar line, which indicates the outside of the bricks or stone walls.

10. VISUAL THINKING: Identify and give the uses of Personal Protective Equipment

11. Tools, Materials and Equipment Staking out Building Lines

12. Materials and Equipment

13. TRANSIT LEVEL – Instrument used to measure and layout horizontal and vertical angles, distance. Direction and differences in elevation

14. LAYING SQUARE – Instrument made of wood with 6 – 8– 10 measurement used in laying out building lines

15. PEGS - Wood fastening to the ground that act as a post for the batter board.

16. NAILS / COMMON WIRE NAIL – An object made of metal used for fastening wood together, A wire headed in one end and pointed in the other and used as a marker in the center of the stakes.

17. STRING / CHORD – A material used for laying out building lines over the batter boards

18. TRANSPARENT HOSE/ PLASTIC HOSE – A leveling instrument used in laying out building lines in the absence of a transit or a spirit level.

19. TOOLS

20. PENCIL – A marking instrument used to mark the position of the building lines

21. PLUMB BOB – A pointed conical shaped weight to hang on a line, the weight that causes to hang in an exact vertical position and the bob locates the point directly beneath the above position from which the line is suspended.

22. SLEDGE HAMMER – A heavy hammer used for driving stakes and pegs to the surface of the ground

23. SPIRIT LEVEL – A tool used to determine if a surface is horizontal or vertical. A wood or metal straight edge containing one or more glasses.

24. STAKE – A stick or wood sharpened at one end and set into the ground to act as boundary/ corner mark.

25. STEEL SQUARE – A flat steel square used by carpenter in framing squaring a building the body of the square is usually 24” long and the tongue is 16” long

26. STEEL TAPE/ PULL PUSH TAPE RULE - A measuring tool used in measuring length width and thickness and marking out building and other long distance surfaces.

27. TRY SQUARE - A tool made by fixing metal blade at a right angle to a heavier base or straight edge. Used to test the squareness of the surface and joints; a tool used as a guide in marking the building lines in a batter board.

28. CLAW HAMMER - is a tool primarily used for driving nails into, or pulling nails from, some other object. Generally, a claw hammer is associated with woodworking but is not limited to use with wood products.

29. CROSSCUT saw (thwart saw) is any saw designed for cutting wood perpendicular to (across) the wood grain. may be small or large, with small teeth close together for fine work like woodworking or large for coarse work like log bucking, and can be a hand tool or power tool