CCSEA guidelines of experiment on animals.pptx

principles, IAEC, physical facilities

1. CCSEA guidelines of experiment on animals

2. contents Introduction and objective Ethical principles Institutional animal ethics committee Quarantine and stabilization Surveillance, diagnosis and control of disease Anesthesia and Euthanasia Physical facilities Animal husbandry Record maintenance

3. introduction The committee for control and supervision of experiment on animals was established under the section of prevention to cruelty to animals act 1960 and Breeding of and Experiments on Animals (Control & Supervision) Rules of 1998, 2001 and 2006

4. OBJECTIVE To promote humane and ethical care of animal use in biomedical research T o prevent infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals

5. principle - 1 Advancement by new discovery Saving or prolonging human life Alleviating Suffering Significant gains of well being Combating any disease of Human, animal or plants

6. Principle - 2 Animals lowest on phylogenetic scale Minimum number of animals Valid results 95% level of confidence Consideration for alternatives Sound justification if alternative are not used

7. Principle - 3 Minimization of pain or suffering unless contrary is scientifically explained Slight pain or suffering performed with sedation, analgesia, or anaesthesia

8. Principle - 4 Investigator are responsible for rehabilitation Euthanize in following conditions Animal is paralysed or can no longer perceive the environment Animal left with severe recurring pain Non- termination of animals would be life threatening to humans

9. Principle - 5 Living conditions contribute to health and comfort of animals Directed by veterinarian or scientist who is trained in proper handling of the species

10. Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) Institutional Animals Ethics Committee" means a body comprising of a group of persons recognized and registered by the Committee for the purpose of control and supervision of experiments on animals performed in an establishment which is constituted and operated in accordance with procedures specified for the purpose by the Committee

11.  8 member IAEC that includes a nominee of the CPCSEA is constituted in every registered institute as a necessary prerequisite All research project proposals using small animals, such as rats, mice, rabbits or guinea-pigs, have to be approved by the IAEC before initiation Every member of the IAEC has the right to question/ disapprove of a project

12. members A biological scientist Two scientists from different biological disciplines A veterinarian involved in the care of animal Scientist in charge of animals facility of the establishment concerned

13. A scientist from outside the institute A non scientific socially aware member A nominee of CPCSEA The Chairperson of the Committee and Member Secretary would be nominated by the Institution from among the eight members. Members against Serial number 1-4 will be nominated by the institute and approved by CPCSEA where as members 5,6 and 7 will be nominated by CPCSEA

14. Quarantine, STABILIZATION AND SEPARATION Separation of newly received animals minimizes the chance for introduction of pathogens physiologic, psychologic and nutritional stabilization Small lab animals – 1 week to 1 month Large animals – 6 weeks

15. SURVEILLANCE, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND CONTROL OF DISEASE Observed for signs of illness, injury, or abnormal behavior Animals showing signs of contagious disease should be isolated from healthy animals PERSONAL HYGIENE Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) worn in the animal rooms should not be worn outside the animal facility Decontaminate clothing exposed to potentially hazardous microbial agents or toxic substances N ot be permitted to eat, drink, smoke

16. EXPERIMENTS INVOLVING HAZARDOUS AGENTS – Reviewed by both the Institutional Bio-safety committee and Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) MULTIPLE SURGICAL PROCEDURE ON SINGLE ANIMAL – Not to be practiced unless specified in a protocol approved by IAEC DURATION – Not more than 3 years unless justification provided

17. PHYSICAL RESTRAINT To minimize stress and avoid injury to the animal physical restraint of animals for examination, collection of samples, and a variety of other clinical and experimental manipulations can be accomplished Period of restraint should be the minimum Animal training to adapt to the equipment

18. Anaesthesia Anesthesia is given for the full duration of experiment Animals are prepared for anesthesia by over night fasting and using pre-anesthetics, which block parasympathetic stimulation of cardio-pulmonary system and reduce salivary secretion Atropine is most commonly used anti-cholinergic agent. Local or general anesthesia may be used, depending on the type of surgical procedure

19. Euthanasia Approved method of euthanasia should be adopted In the event of a decision to sacrifice an animal I nvestigator must ensure that the animal is clinically dead before it is sent for disposal Data of all the animals, that have been euthanized, should be maintained

20. Physical facilities BUILDING MATERIALS – Durable, fire resistant, moist proof, with pest and vermin resistant interior surface CORRIDOR – wide enough to facilitate the movement UTILITIES – water lines, drain pipes and electrical connections are accessible ROOM DOORS – Vermin and dust proof and fit properly within frame with observation window

21. EXTERIOR WINDOWS not recommended for small animal facilities FLOORS – smooth, moisture proof, non absorbent, resistant to acids, solvents and disinfectants WALLS AND CEILINGS – free of cracks, unsealed utility, or imperfect junctions STORAGE AREA – For feeds, bedding, and cages Sanitary equipment and facilities Separate experimental area, operating room and preparation area

22. ENVIRONMENT TEMPERATURE: Small animals – (18 -29 c) Large animals – (18-37 c) HUMIDITY: 30 -70% VENTILATION: Heating, ventilation and air conditioning designed with (12- 15) air cycles/hour LIGHTING: fluorescent light less than 400 lux for rodent with available emergency power NOISE CONTROL – concrete walls reduces sound transmission preferably less than 85 dB

23. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY (a) Caging or housing system Comfortable environment Easy access to food and water Adequate ventilation Escape proof enclosure that confines animal safety Meet the biological needs of the animals, e.g., maintenance of body temperature, urination, defecation and reproduction

24. Polypropylene, polycarbonate and stainless steel cages should be used to house small lab animals Eliminate sharp edges and broken wires SHELTERED OR OUTDOOR HOUSING: Shelter should be accessible to all animals, with sufficient ventilation, and prevent accumulation of waste materials Ground level surfaces – Absorbent bedding, sand gravel or grass

25. ACTIVITY: specialized locomotor pattern like artificial trees, ropes and bars to express natural habitat FOOD: Adequate nutrition free from microbial and chemical contamination WATER: Continuous access to fresh, potable, uncontaminated water Animals are trained to drink water from automatic watering devices

26. Sanitation and cleanliness Cleaned with appropriate detergents and disinfectants Animal waste is removed by hosing and flushing at least twice a day Feeders and watering devices are washed and sanitised Cages are disinfected by rinsing at temp 180 F or sodium hypochlorite WASTE DISPOSAL: Incineration is most preferred method

27. Records Animal House plans and House staff record Health record of staff and animals Breeding, stock, purchase and sales records Institutional Animals Ethics Committee Meetings Records of experiments conducted with the number of animals used

28. Mortality, Postmortem Record Clinical record of sick animals Training record of staff involved in animal activities Water, feed and bedding materials analysis report Rehabilitation Records

29. Thank you