CELL WALL INHIBITORS OTHER THAN BETA-LACTAMS.pptx

Pharmacology

1. CELL WALL INHIBITORS OTHER THAN BETA-LACTAMS BY :DR.SHAJIA HAIDER

2. VANCOMYCIN

3. ELIMINATION

4. INDICATIONS

5. BACITRACIN Most active against G+ bacteria, including Staph. Producing B- lactamase & streptococci Mechanism of action Inhibition of cell wall synthesis Clinical uses Not used systemically Topical for infections of mouth, nose, eye and skin Available in an ointment ( often combined with polymixin or neomycin ) for suppression of mixed bacterial flora in skin, wounds or mucus membranes

6. DAPTOMYCIN Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of systemic and life-threatening infections caused by Gram-positive organisms.

7. INDICATIONS For the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible strains of Gram-positive microorganisms . Staphylococcus Aureus Blood stream Infections (Bacteremia), Including Those with Right-Sided Infective Endocarditis, Caused by Methicillin-Susceptible and Methicillin-Resistant Isolates.

8. DOSAGE In skin and soft tissue infections, 4 mg/kg daptomycin is given intravenously once daily . Daptomycin is given every 48 hours in patients with renal impairment . Daptomycin is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free, pale yellow to light brown, lyophilised 500- or 350-mg cake that must be reconstituted with normal saline prior to use. Daptomycin is applicable as 30-min infusion or 2-min injection.

9. ADVERSE EFFECTS Cardiovascular:  low blood pressure ,  high blood pressure ,  swelling Central nervous system: insomnia Dermatological: rash Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, abdominal pain Hematological:  eosinophilia Respiratory:  dyspnea Other: injection site reactions, fever,  hypersensitivity