Cells and their functions FOR DMLT EXAM PAPER

IT IS A QUESTION PAPER FOR DMLT EXAM WITH ANSWER

1. CELLS AND THEIR
FUNCTIONS
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWER

2. •The basic structural and functional unit of life is the cell.
•The organelle responsible for energy production in the cell is the mitochondrion.
•The control center of the cell that contains genetic material is the nucleus.
•The jelly-like substance that fills the cell is called cytoplasm.
•The network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis is the endoplasmic reticulum.
•The organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins is the Golgi apparatus.
•The protective barrier that encloses the cell is known as the cell membrane.
•The small structures responsible for protein synthesis are called ribosomes.
•The storage compartments in the cell are known as vacuoles.
•The organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells are chloroplasts.
•The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells is called mitosis.
•The semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell is the plasma membrane.
•The organelle that contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials is the lysosome.
•The double-membraned organelle with cristae that produces ATP is the mitochondrion.
•The type of endoplasmic reticulum involved in lipid synthesis is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
•The organelle that helps in detoxification processes within the cell is the smooth endoplasmic
reticulum.
•The process by which water moves across a semi-permeable membrane is called osmosis.
•The cell organelle that plays a role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus is the centriole.
•The membrane-bound structures that store genetic material in eukaryotic cells are nuclei.
20 fill in the blank questions of cells:

3. 1.Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
a) Nucleus b) Mitochondria c) Golgi apparatus d) Lysosomes
1.Answer: b) Mitochondria
1.What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
a) Energy production b) Protein synthesis c) DNA replication d) Waste removal
1.Answer: b) Protein synthesis
1.The semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell is known as the:
a) Cell wall b) Plasma membrane c) Nuclear membrane d) Endoplasmic reticulum
1.Answer: b) Plasma membrane
1.Which organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials?
a) Mitochondria b) Ribosomes c) Lysosomes d) Chloroplasts
1.Answer: c) Lysosomes
1.What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis b) Energy production c) Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins d) DNA replication
1.Answer: c) Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins
1.The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells is called:
a) Meiosis b) Cytokinesis c) Mitosis d) Binary fission
1.Answer: c) Mitosis
1.The jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains organelles is called:
a) Cytoplasm b) Nucleus c) Cell membrane d) Mitochondria
1.Answer: a) Cytoplasm
1.Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
a) Mitochondria b) Ribosomes c) Chloroplasts d) Golgi apparatus
1.Answer: c) Chloroplasts
1.The network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis is the:
a) Golgi apparatus b) Endoplasmic reticulum c) Lysosome d) Nucleus
1.Answer: b) Endoplasmic reticulum

4. 1.The type of endoplasmic reticulum involved in lipid synthesis is the:
a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum c) Golgi apparatus d) Lysosome
1.Answer: b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
1.The double-membraned organelle with cristae that produces ATP is the:
a) Nucleus b) Chloroplast c) Mitochondrion d) Lysosome
1.Answer: c) Mitochondrion
1.The small structures responsible for protein synthesis are called:
a) Lysosomes b) Ribosomes c) Vacuoles d) Mitochondria
1.Answer: b) Ribosomes
1.The organelle that helps in detoxification processes within the cell is the:
a) Nucleus b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum d) Golgi apparatus
1.Answer: b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
1.The process by which water moves across a semi-permeable membrane is called:
a) Diffusion b) Active transport c) Osmosis d) Endocytosis
1.Answer: c) Osmosis
1.The storage compartments in the cell are known as:
a) Ribosomes b) Lysosomes c) Vacuoles d) Mitochondria
1.Answer: c) Vacuoles
1.The process by which cells engulf large particles is called:
a) Diffusion b) Osmosis c) Phagocytosis d) Active transport
1.Answer: c) Phagocytosis
1.The organelle found only in animal cells that help in cell division is the:
a) Ribosome b) Centriole c) Lysosome d) Chloroplast
1.Answer: b) Centriole
1.The membrane-bound structures that store genetic material in eukaryotic cells are:
a) Mitochondria b) Nuclei c) Ribosomes d) Golgi apparatus
1.Answer: b) Nuclei
1.The structure that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell is the:
a) Cell wall b) Plasma membrane c) Nucleus d) Endoplasmic reticulum
1.Answer: b) Plasma membrane

5. •Describe the structure and function of the mitochondria.
•उत्तर:माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया दोहरी-झिल्ली वाली संरचनाएं होती हैं। ये सेल की पावरहाउस के रूप में जाने जाते हैं क्योंकक ये ATP
• (ऊजाा) उत्परन करते हैं।
Answer: Mitochondria are double-membraned structures. They are known as the powerhouse of the cell because
• they produce ATP (energy).
•Explain the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in protein synthesis.
•उत्तर:खुरदरा ईआर प्रोटीन संश्लेषण और पररवहन में शाममल होता है जबकक चचकना ईआर मलपपड संश्लेषण में।
•Answer: The rough ER is involved in protein synthesis and transport, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis.
•What is the function of lysosomes in a cell?
•उत्तर:लाइसोसोम कचरे की सामग्री और सेलुलर मलबा को तोड़ते हैं।
Answer: Lysosomes break down waste materials and cellular debris.
•Describe the process of osmosis and its importance in cells.
•उत्तर:ऑस्मोमसस पानी के अणुओं का अर्ा-पारगम्य झिल्ली के माध्यम से संचलन है। यह कोमशका के तुगोर
•दाब को बनाए रखने के मलए महत्वपूणा है।
•Answer: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane.
•It is crucial for maintaining cell turgor pressure.
•Explain the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
उत्तर:प्रोकैररयोटटक कोमशकाएं सरल होती हैं और इनमें असली नामिक नहीं होता, जबकक यूकैररयोटटक कोमशकाएं जटटल होती हैं
Proऔर इनमें असली नामिक होता है।
prokaryotic cells are simpler and lack a true nucleus, while eukaryotic cells are complex and have a true nucleus.

6. •What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?
•उत्तर:राइबोसोम प्रोटीन संश्लेषण के मलए न्ड्जम्मेदार होते हैं।
•Answer: Ribosomes are responsible for synthesizing proteins.
•Describe the role of the Golgi apparatus in a cell.
•उत्तर:गोल्गी तंत्र प्रोटीन और मलपपड्स का संशोर्न, छंटाई, और पैके न्ड्जंग करता है।
Answer: The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids.
•What is the importance of the cell membrane?
•उत्तर:कोमशका झिल्ली सुरक्षात्मक बार्ा के रूप में काम करती है और कोमशका के अंदर और बाहर पदार्थों की गतत को
तनयंत्रत्रत करती है।
The cell membrane acts as a protective barrier and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
•Explain the process of cellular respiration.
•उत्तर:कोमशका श्वसन में कोमशकाएं ग्लूकोज और ऑक्सीजन को एटीपी, काबान डाइऑक्साइड और पानी में पररवततात करती हैं।
Answer: Cellular respiration involves converting glucose and oxygen into ATP, carbon dioxide, and water.
•What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
•उत्तर:नामिक कोमशका की आनुवंमशक सामग्री को संग्रटहत करता है और कोमशकीय गततपवचर्यों को तनयंत्रत्रत करता है।
Answer: The nucleus stores the cell's genetic material and controls cellular activities.