Cells Powerpoint Presentation

1. Presented by Ms.TPresented by Ms.T

4. What are cells?What are cells?
What is a cell?What is a cell?
Where do we find cells?Where do we find cells?
CellCell: a cell is a basic unit of structure and : a cell is a basic unit of structure and
function of life. In other words, cells function of life. In other words, cells
make up living things and carry out make up living things and carry out
activities that keep a living thing alive.activities that keep a living thing alive.

5. Cells ContinuedCells Continued
What makes a cell?What makes a cell?
A cell is a living thing.A cell is a living thing.
Cells are able to make more cells like Cells are able to make more cells like
themselves.themselves.
Interesting fact!Interesting fact! New cells can New cells can
only come from existing cells (cells that only come from existing cells (cells that
are already made).are already made).

6. Oh yea! Some HISTORY Oh yea! Some HISTORY
for youfor you
I am sure you are all asking yourselves, “Who I am sure you are all asking yourselves, “Who
was the first person to look at cells.” Well was the first person to look at cells.” Well
thanks for asking! I will tell you.thanks for asking! I will tell you.
In the 1660s there was a man named Robert In the 1660s there was a man named Robert
Hooke. Robert lived in Britain and was a Hooke. Robert lived in Britain and was a
scientist. He was the first person to observe scientist. He was the first person to observe
cells. cells.
Robert took a piece bark from an old oak tree Robert took a piece bark from an old oak tree
and looked at it through a microscope. and looked at it through a microscope.

7. ContinuedContinued
The bark looked like it was made up of The bark looked like it was made up of
many small rooms (kind of like a house many small rooms (kind of like a house
with many bedrooms). He named the with many bedrooms). He named the
rooms, or structures, he saw under the rooms, or structures, he saw under the
microscope cells.microscope cells.
THIS IS HOW THE WORD CELLS THIS IS HOW THE WORD CELLS
CAME TO BE!! CAME TO BE!!
EXCITING STUFF ISN’T IT!!EXCITING STUFF ISN’T IT!!

8. The Animal CellThe Animal Cell
 Now the fun begins!!Now the fun begins!!
Animals are made up of many different Animals are made up of many different
types of cells. The structures I am about types of cells. The structures I am about
to introduce to you are found in a typical to introduce to you are found in a typical
cell. cell.
Please note: Not all animal cells contain Please note: Not all animal cells contain
all the same structures. all the same structures.
Thank you for noting!Thank you for noting!

9. Animal Cell Animal Cell
terms/Structuresterms/Structures
Cell membraneCell membrane: The cell : The cell
membrane surrounds the cell.membrane surrounds the cell.
Think of the membrane as a Think of the membrane as a
gatekeeper, it only allows some gatekeeper, it only allows some
materials to pass through, but materials to pass through, but
keeps others out.keeps others out.
CytoplasmCytoplasm: This is a gel-: This is a gel-
like fluid, that takes up most of like fluid, that takes up most of
the space inside a cell.the space inside a cell.
Cytoplasm kind of looks like Cytoplasm kind of looks like
jell-o.jell-o.

10. Terms/Structures continuedTerms/Structures continued
NucleusNucleus: The nucleus is a structure usually : The nucleus is a structure usually
located near the center of the cell.located near the center of the cell.
The nucleus is a home to the cell’s The nucleus is a home to the cell’s
chromosomeschromosomes. What are chromosomes . What are chromosomes
you ask?you ask?
ChromosomesChromosomes: They are genetic : They are genetic
structures that contain information to make new structures that contain information to make new
cells. Basically, the instructions for how to make cells. Basically, the instructions for how to make
new cells. new cells.

11. Terms/Structures Terms/Structures
continuedcontinued
Nuclear membraneNuclear membrane: This surrounds : This surrounds
and protects the nucleus. The nucleus has and protects the nucleus. The nucleus has
its own protector.its own protector.
NucleolusNucleolus: This structure is found inside : This structure is found inside
the nucleus. It is responsible for making the nucleus. It is responsible for making
ribosomes. ribosomes. We will get to this term in a We will get to this term in a
bit. Thanks for your patience!bit. Thanks for your patience!

12. Terms/Structures continuedTerms/Structures continued
VacuolesVacuoles: These are fluid-filled structures : These are fluid-filled structures
used to store different substances. In animal used to store different substances. In animal
cells there are often many small vacuoles.cells there are often many small vacuoles.
MitochondriaMitochondria: “Powerhouses” of the : “Powerhouses” of the
cell. What do you think this means?cell. What do you think this means?
This is a very important structure. They help This is a very important structure. They help
take the food the cell ate (for breakfast, lunch, take the food the cell ate (for breakfast, lunch,
or dinner), and turn the it into energy. The or dinner), and turn the it into energy. The
energy is needed to carry out activities.energy is needed to carry out activities.

13. Terms/Structures continuedTerms/Structures continued
Let me put this in words you can Let me put this in words you can
understand better. When we eat a turkey understand better. When we eat a turkey
sandwich, we are putting energy into our sandwich, we are putting energy into our
bodies, in the form of food. Our bodies bodies, in the form of food. Our bodies
take that turkey sandwich and turn it into take that turkey sandwich and turn it into
energy, so we can play at recess.energy, so we can play at recess.
Do you understand?Do you understand?
Great! Let’s keep going.Great! Let’s keep going.

14. Terms/Structures continuedTerms/Structures continued
Endoplasmic reticulum and Endoplasmic reticulum and
ribosomesribosomes: Say it with me “En-do-: Say it with me “En-do-
plas-mic ri-tic-eww-lum.” plas-mic ri-tic-eww-lum.”
•Now say it 5 times fast….no just kidding! Now say it 5 times fast….no just kidding!
•These 2 structures work together These 2 structures work together
producing important products for the cell. producing important products for the cell.
Think of the endoplasmic reticulum as a Think of the endoplasmic reticulum as a
mailman, delivering things throughout the mailman, delivering things throughout the
cell.cell.

15. Terms/Structures continuedTerms/Structures continued
Aren’t you excited, this is the last term for Aren’t you excited, this is the last term for
the animal cell!the animal cell!
Golgi bodiesGolgi bodies: These help package : These help package
products in the cell and then give them products in the cell and then give them
out around the cell. Look at it like this, out around the cell. Look at it like this,
you wrap a present and then give it to you wrap a present and then give it to
your friend. Well, that is what golgi your friend. Well, that is what golgi
bodies do.bodies do.

16. The Plant CellThe Plant Cell
Here we go again!Here we go again!
Plants cells have all of the structures that Plants cells have all of the structures that
animal cells do. But they also have some animal cells do. But they also have some
structures that the animal cell does not.structures that the animal cell does not.
Plant cells have a cell wall and Plant cells have a cell wall and
chloroplasts.chloroplasts.

17. The three new structures for a The three new structures for a
plant cellplant cell
Cell WallCell Wall: This wall provides extra support for the : This wall provides extra support for the
cell and gives it a shape. In other words, if there was no cell and gives it a shape. In other words, if there was no
cell wall then the cell would have no shape.cell wall then the cell would have no shape.
ChloroplastsChloroplasts: These make food for the plant. : These make food for the plant.
They are green.They are green.
ChorophyllChorophyll: This is very important in making the : This is very important in making the
food for the plant. This structure takes in sunlight and food for the plant. This structure takes in sunlight and
makes sugar for the plant to eat and become green.makes sugar for the plant to eat and become green.

18. THE END!!!THE END!!!
Thank you for your cooperation and Thank you for your cooperation and
attention!!attention!!
Hope you learned some new, exciting Hope you learned some new, exciting
things.things.
Please sit quietly while I get ready for Please sit quietly while I get ready for
more fun!more fun!