Cells_Presentation.pptxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

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1. Cells as the Basic Unit of Life Presentation on Cell Theory, Structure, and Types of Animal Cells

2. Cell Theory 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. 3. All cells come only from pre-existing cells. Modern Additions: • Cells contain hereditary information (DNA). • All energy flow (metabolism) occurs within cells.

3. Cell Structure (Overview) A typical animal cell consists of: • Plasma Membrane – regulates entry/exit of substances. • Cytoplasm – fluid medium with organelles. • Nucleus – control center, holds DNA. • Organelles – perform specialized tasks.

4. Organelles and Their Functions • Mitochondria – Powerhouse, produces ATP. • Ribosomes – Protein synthesis. • Endoplasmic Reticulum – RER (proteins), SER (lipids). • Golgi Apparatus – Packages & distributes. • Lysosomes – Waste breakdown & recycling. • Cytoskeleton – Shape, support, movement. • Centrioles – Cell division.

5. Types of Animal Cells • Epithelial Cells – Cover and protect body surfaces. • Muscle Cells – Responsible for contraction & movement. • Nerve Cells (Neurons) – Transmit electrical signals. • Connective Tissue Cells – Support, bind, and store energy. • Reproductive Cells – Sperm and egg cells.

6. Summary • Cell Theory: Cells are the fundamental unit of life. • Structure: Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, organelles. • Animal Cell Types: Epithelial, muscle, nerve, connective, reproductive. ➡ Cells are the foundation of all living organisms.