Cerebrum 1 superolateral surface final

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1. Neuro Anatomy cerebrum supero -lateral surface Dr. Melad Naim Bushra Lecturer anatomy department Faculty of medicine Alexandria University neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 1

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6. Cerebrum The cerebral hemisphere presents: A. Three surfaces: 1. Superolateral surface. 2. Medial surface. 3. Inferior surface. B . Three borders: Superomedial border. Inferolateral border presents the pre-occipital notch which is about 5 cm in front of the occipital pole. Medial border: which is divided into: a) Medial orbital border. b) Medial occipital border.   6 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

7. C. Three poles: Frontal pole. Occipital pole. Temporal pole Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into 4 lobes : 1 . Frontal lobe. 2. Parietal lobe. 3. Temporal lobe. 4. Occipital lobe. 7 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

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10. Supero -lateral Surface Central sulcus: The upper end of this sulcus lies almost midway between the frontal and occipital poles. descends downwards on the supero -lateral surface where it ends above the lateral sulcus. extends on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. 10 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

11. Superolateral surface Lateral sulcus: consists of a stem and 3 rami . The stem is present on the inferior surface of the cerebral hemisphere. This stem ends on the supero -lateral surface by dividing into 3 rami . Anterior ramus . Ascending ramus . Posterior ramus . neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 11

12. The main sulci and gyri of the frontal lobe are: Precentral sulcus: parallel to and in front of the central sulcus. Precentral gyrus: between the central and the precentral sulci . extends on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere to form part of the para -central lobule. corresponds to area 4 of Brodmann . Functionally, considered as first or primary somatomotor area. Here, the body is represented upside down.   neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 12

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14. Superior and inferior frontal sulci : The superior frontal sulcus runs about the middle of the upper part of the precentral sulcus. The inferior frontal sulcus runs below and parallel. These two sulci divide this area of the frontal lobe into 3 gyri : Superior frontal gyrus: Above the superior frontal sulcus. 14 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

15. Middle frontal gyrus: Between the superior and inferior frontal sulci . The posterior part of this gyrus presents area 8 which is the main part of the frontal eye field. (controls conjugate eye movements) neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 15

16. neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 16 Inferior frontal gyrus: Below the inferior frontal sulcus. receives the anterior and ascending rami of the lateral sulcus. The motor speech area ( Broca's Area) lies on both sides of the ascending ramus . concerned with the motor mechanisms of speech (spoken and written).

17. The main sulci and gyri of the parietal lobe Post central sulcus: parallel to and behind the central sulcus. Post central gyrus: between the central and the post central sulci . extends on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere to form part of the para -central lobule. Functionally it lodges the first or primary somato -sensory area. the body is represented upside down. 17 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

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19. Intraparietal sulcus : behind the post central gyrus dividing that area into superior and inferior parietal lobules The superior parietal lobule (somatosensory association area) The inferior parietal lobule receives the posterior ends of 3 sulci : the posterior ramus of the lateral sulcus which is surrounded by the supramarginal gyrus. 2. the superior temporal sulcus which is surrounded by the angular gyrus. 3. the inferior temporal sulcus neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 19

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21. The main sulci and gyri on the temporal lobe Superior temporal sulcus: parallel to and below the posterior ramus of lateral sulcus. Inferior temporal sulcus: parallel to and below the superior temporal sulcus. Superior temporal gyrus: The auditory area is in the floor of the lateral sulcus. It extends into the superior temporal gyrus below the sulcus, and is surrounded by the auditory association area. 21 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

22. The main sulci and gyri on the temporal lobe Middle temporal gyrus: below and parallel to the superior temporal sulcus. Inferior temporal gyrus: below and parallel to the inferior temporal sulcus. neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 22

23. The main sulci and gyri on the occipital lobe neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim 23

24. The main sulci and gyri on the occipital lobe Lunate sulcus: curved sulcus that lies in front of the occipital pole. Lateral occipital sulcus: It runs in front of the lunate sulcus dividing that part of the occipital lobe into superior and inferior occipital gyri . The occipital lobe contains areas 17, 18 and 19 which are visual. Area 17 is the primary visual area. Area 18 and 19: called secondary visual areas or visual association areas.   24 neuro anatomy Dr Melad Naim

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