Ch 23 ABD, Gynecologic, Genitourinary, & Renal Emergencies.pptx

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1. Chapter 23 Abdominal, Gynecologic, Genitourinary, and Renal Emergencies Copyright ©2010 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Prehospital Emergency Care , Ninth Edition Joseph J. Mistovich • Keith J. Karren

2. Acute Abdomen (and what can you do about it?)

3. Abdominal Structures and Functions

4. Peritoneum Visceral Parietal Intraperitoneal Retroperitoneal Abdominal aorta

5. Abdominal Structures and Functions Abdominal Quadrants or Regions

6. Abdominal Quadrants and Regions

7. Abdominal Structures and Functions Types of Abdominal Structures

8. Hollow organs Solid organs Vascular structures

9. Abdominal Pain Pathophysiology of Abdominal Pain

10. Pathophysiology of Abdominal Pain Mechanical forces (stretching) Inflammation Ischemia

11. Abdominal Pain Types of Abdominal Pain

12. Types of Abdominal Pain Visceral – vague, poorly localized, less severe Parietal / Somatic – peritoneal lining, specific Referred Pain- felt somewhere else

13. Page 701

14. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Peritonitis

15. Cause Signs and symptoms Palpation Markle test

16. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Appendicitis

17. Appendicitis Cause Age group affected Signs and symptoms

18. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Pancreatitis

19. Pancreatitis Cause Complications Signs and symptoms

20. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Cholecystitis

21. Cholecystitis Cause Age group affected Complications Signs and symptoms

22. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Gastrointestinal Bleeding

23. Gastrointestinal Bleeding Causes based on location Age affected Signs and symptoms Hematemesis Hematochezia Melena  Lower GI Bleed Upper GI Bleed

24. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Esophageal Varices

25. Common group affected Cause Signs and symptoms Esophageal Varices

26. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Gastroenteritis

27. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Ulcers

28. Ulcers Cause Complications Signs and symptoms

29. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Intestinal Obstruction

30. Intestinal Obstruction Cause Complications Signs and symptoms

31. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Hernia

32. Hernia Cause Complications Signs and symptoms

33. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

34. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Cause Complications Signs and symptoms

35. Conditions That May Cause Acute Abdominal Pain Vomiting/Diarrhea/ Constipation

36. Vomiting/Diarrhea/ Constipation Common with many conditions Should be assessed for dehydration

37. Assessment-Based Approach: Acute Abdomen Scene Size-Up

38. Scene Size-Up Safety Mechanism of injury Look for scene clues

39. Assessment-Based Approach: Acute Abdomen Primary Assessment

40. Primary Assessment Guarded position ABCs Signs of shock Priority criteria

41. Assessment-Based Approach: Acute Abdomen Secondary Assessment

42. Secondary Assessment History Physical Exam Involuntary guarding Rigidity Voluntary guarding Signs and symptoms

43. Assessment-Based Approach: Acute Abdomen Emergency Medical Care

44. Emergency Medical Care ABCs Place patient in position of comfort Administer O 2 Give nothing by mouth Calm and reassure Treat for shock Transport

45. Assessment-Based Approach: Acute Abdomen Reassessment

46. Reassessment Document and record all vital signs Communicate findings

47. Hematologic Emergencies

48. Anemia - not enough red blood cells Sickle Cell Anemia - crescent shaped red blood cells Hemophilia - clots can’t form properly Deep Vein Thrombosis - can cause venous thromboembolism Common Hematologic Conditions

49. Gynecologic Emergencies

50. Female Reproductive Structures and Functions

51. Anatomy Place figure 23-14 here – don ’ t have it this time – wds

52. Gynecological Conditions Sexual Assault

53. Sexual Assault Report to authorities Physical and psychological effects Guidelines

54. Gynecological Conditions Vaginal Bleeding

55. Vaginal Bleeding (Nontraumatic) Possible causes Spontaneous abortion Signs and symptoms

56. Gynecological Conditions Menstrual Pain

57. Menstrual Pain Dysmenorrhea  Mittelschmerz

58. Gynecological Conditions Ovarian Cyst

59. Ovarian Cyst Cause Signs and symptoms

60. Gynecological Conditions Endometritis

61. Endometritis Cause Signs and symptoms

62. Gynecological Conditions Endometriosis

63. Endometriosis Cause Signs and symptoms

64. Gynecological Conditions Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

65. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Cause Risk factors Signs and symptoms

66. Gynecological Conditions Sexually Transmitted Diseases

67. Sexually Transmitted Diseases An infectious disease transmitted through sexual contact Most caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi Risk factors Signs and symptoms

68. Genitourinary/Renal Emergencies

69. Genitourinary/Renal Structures and Functions

70. Genitourinary/Renal Conditions Urinary Tract Infection

71. Urinary Tract Infections Cause Signs and symptoms

72. Genitourinary/Renal Conditions Kidney Stones

73. Kidney Stones Renal calculi Causes Complications Signs and symptoms

74. Genitourinary/Renal Conditions Kidney Failure

75. Kidney Failure Acute renal failure Causes Reversible if recognized early Chronic renal failure Causes Permanent, can be life threatening Requires dialysis or kidney transplant Complications Signs and symptoms

76. Genitourinary/Renal Conditions Dialysis

77. Dialysis Dialysate Types of dialysis Complications Emergency medical care

78. Genitourinary/Renal Conditions Urinary Catheters

79. Urinary Catheters Types Function Side effects Catheter management Complications