Ch 7 Weather Climate and Adaptation 1.pptx

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1. CHAPTER – 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate

2. Weather The day- to-day condition of the atmosphere at a place with respect to the temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed is called weather at that place

3. Elements of Weather:  The various elements of weather are: temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed, etc. Temperature:  Temperature depends upon the duration of sunshine. During the summer season, the duration of the sunshine is longer. Due to this, the temperature is high in summer. The day temperature is minimum in the morning and maximum at noon. Humidity:  Humidity is the amount of moisture present in air. Humidity is generally measured in percentage. Humidity is generally at the highest level; during the rainy season. Rainfall:  Amount of rainfall is measured in terms of mm. For this, an apparatus; called rain gauge is used. Wind-speed:  Speed of wind also affects the condition of weather.

4. Climate: Climate is the average weather condition of at least 25 years; in a given geographical part. The climate of India is said to be hot and humid, because the temperature is usually high and so is the humidity for most parts of the year. The climate of Rajasthan is said to be hot and dry because temperature is very high but humidity is very low. On the other hand, the climate of Kashmir is said to be cold because temperature is low.

5. Rainforest:  Rainforest is found generally near the equator. Places near the equator receive more sunshine and hence more rainfall. This makes the place hot and humid. Temperatures vary from 15⁰C to 40⁰C near the equator. Rainforests are also present in some tropical areas. Desert:  Temperature in desert is generally higher and it receives less or little rain fall. So deserts are hot and dry. Polar Region:  Polar Region is at high latitude and hence do not receive adequate sunshine. Due to this, temperature is very low in the Polar Regions. The Polar Region is covered with snow, because of the low temperature.

6. Adaptation At several places, such as desert, polar region, etc. climate is very harsh. Many organisms live and thrive at these places, in spite of the harsh climate. Animals and plants; living in such places; develop certain features which help them survive the harsh climate. To develop certain features in order to survive the given climate is called adaptation.

7. Adaptations in polar regions

8. Penguins

9. Other animals in polar regions Other animals in polar regions includes fishes, musk, oxen, reindeers, foxes, seals, whales, and birds. Birds- they migrate to warmer regions when winter sets in. They come back after the winter is over. India is one of the destinations of many of birds like siberian crane ( bharatpur, sultanpur in haryana , and some wetlands of north east and some other parts of India)

10. Tropical Rain Forest: The tropical regions has generally a hot climate because of its location around the equator In India, Tropical Rainforests are found in the Western Ghats and in Assam. Rainforests are also found in Southeast Asia, Central America and Central Africa. Rainforests have plenty of food which supports variety of life. Many animals are found in the rainforests, e.g. leopard, elephant, snakes, tigers, monkey, buffaloes, frogs, apes, lizards, many types of birds, insects, etc. In spite of plenty of food, there is a high level of competition for survival among animals in the rainforest.

11. Adaptive features of animals found in rain forest RED- EYED FROG- has developed sticky pads on its feet to help it climb trees on which it lives. NEXT

12. A New world monkey- have long tails for grasping branches, their hands and feet are such that they can easily hold on to the branches NEXT

13. TOUCAN - it possesses a long, large beak which help a toucan to reach the fruits on branches which are otherwise too weak to support its weight NEXT

14. Big Cats (lion and tiger)- have sensitive hearing ,sharp eyesight, thick skin and a skin colour which help them to camouflage by blending with the surroundings NEXT

15. The lion –tailed macaque (beard ape)- lives in rainforest of western ghat,its outstanding feature is the silver-white mane which surround the head from the cheeks down to its chin. it is a good climber and feed mainly on fruits . NEXT

16. ELEPHANT NEXT

17. Important Points: Weather: Day to day atmospheric condition. Climate: Average atmospheric condition for at least 25 years. Elements of weather: Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Wind-speed, etc. Rainforest: Dense forest near equator and tropical regions. Desert: A region with little rainfall, high temperature and full of sand. Polar Regions: Regions near poles, having very low temperature, area is covered with snow most of the parts of year. Adaptation: Special habits of animals which enable them to survive in particular climatic conditions. Camouflage: Special colour of animals because of which they can resemble with background of surrounding which hide themselves from predators.

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