Chap3 - Gnome and KDE Desktop Environments.pptx

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1. Linux Administration Chapter 3 - Gnome and KDE Desktop Environments Eng Mohamed Ahmed Mohamud ( Olad ) September 202 5

2. Linux Desktop Environment A desktop environment commonly refers to a style of Graphical User Interface (GUI) that is based on the desktop which can be seen on most modern personal computers today These graphical interfaces are designed to assist the user in easily accessing and configuring (or modifying) the most important specific features A desktop environment typically consists of icons, windows, folders and wallpapers,

3. GNOME and KDE GNOME and KDE are like Microsoft Windows but unique in one respect When both GUIs are installed, you can switch between Gnome and KDE GNOME is widely used, but you’ll find that some distributions include desktops such as Unity, Cinnamon, and MATE The desktops have the same basic structure GNOME and KDE were developed independently of Linux, and they run on Unix operating systems other than Linux

4. Getting to Know the GNOME Desktop GNOME was started in 1997 by Mexican Autonomous National University The initial desktop for GNOME looks like that of any other popular GUI When the system is installed, the desktop initially shows icons for your computer, your home folder, and the trash- can for deleted files. Unlike some other distributions, Fedora strives for a minimum number of desktop icons and has a clean look.

5. Getting to Know the GNOME Desktop The GNOME desktop displays menu when you right-click an object or any part of the desktop New Folder: Creates a new folder in a directory Properties: Shows the properties, including permissions, associated with a file or folder Open: Opens a folder or file Compress: Reduces the size of the file Make Link: Creates a shortcut Many items on this menu are the same no matter what icon you click, but right- clicking certain icons (such as the Trash icon) produces a somewhat different menu

6. Understanding the GNOME Panels The GNOME desktop has panels, and each panel is like the Windows taskbar. The top panel has menu choices on the left, a time display in the center, and icons for common choices on the right. The panel is a parking place for icons. Some icons start programs when you click them;

7. The desktop The default icons on this main menu (also known as the Favorites menu) usually include the following features Firefox web browser Ubuntu Software Search Shortcut to your files Shortcut to your documents You can click any icon to start the application associated with it, or right-click to start it in a new window or remove it from the menu.

8. Looking at Unity Just as there are differences among Windows desktops from Windows 7 to Windows 10, the GNOME desktop has variations. The first of these variations . clean look d esigned for simplicity and ease of use .

9. Looking at Cinnamon Cinnamon looks like older GNOME and resembles Windows XP. Main Menu button (like Windows Start) gives access to apps in submenus. Bottom panel provides extra commands.

10. Looking at MATE MATE is similar to Cinnamon and tied to Linux Mint. Both desktops look much Desktop choice is a matter of personal preference. Comfort and ease of use with your interface are most important

11. The KDE Plasma Desktop When both interfaces are installed, you can switch between the two in a matter of seconds. If you don’t like GNOME, you can use Plasma; if you don’t like Plasma, you can use GNOME. It is recommended that you try both GUIs before you decide which one you’re more comfortable using You can run Plasma applications under GNOME, and vice versa. Several installation procedures allow you to choose to install whichever of the two interfaces you want to use.

12. Getting to Know the Plasma Desktop A few years ago, the KDE desktop was known simply as KDE KDE was later named the desktop Plasma The initial desktop for Plasma looks like that of any other popular GUI, such as Microsoft Windows desktop or the macOS X desktop KDE stands for the K Desktop Environment. The KDE project started in October 1996 The figure on this slide shows a typical Plasma desktop

13. Icon contextual menus Right-clicking any icon in Plasma displays another menu, as shown on Open a folder in a file manager. Open a file with an application that you choose. Cut or copy. Rename the icon. Move the icon to the trash. View the properties of that icon.

14. Understanding the Plasma Panel The panel is the long bar that stretches across the bottom of the desktop The panel is a parking place for icons. Some icons start programs when you click them; others show status (such as what programs are running) as well as information such as the date and time.

15. GNOME and KDE distributions Fedora OpenSUSE CentOS Arch Linux Manjaro GNOME Edition Debian Ubuntu Pop!_OS Zorin OS Mageia GNOME distributions ➢ KDE distributions Fedora KDE Edition OpenSUSE KDE Edition MX Linux KDE Edition KDE Neon Manjaro KDE Edition EndeavourOS KDE Edition Kubuntu Garuda Linux Nitrux KaOS

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