Chapter 03 Vane Pumps Hidraulica industrial

Chapter 03 Vane Pumps

1. VANE PUMPS
PUMPING PRINCIPLES
LESSON
Rotation
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2. PUMP FAMILY TREE
Pumps
Gear Vane
Axial
Bent-Axis
Variable
Variable
Variable Variable
In-Line
Fixed
Fixed Fixed
Fixed Fixed
Radial
Non-Positive
Displacement
Positive
Displacement
Piston
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(Centrifugal)

3. F
lo
w
F
lo
w
PressurePressureMin Min
M
a
x
M
a
x
Max Max
Theoretical Flow
POSITIVE AND NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
FLOW vs. PRESSURE
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4. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Inlet
Outlet
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5. Atmospheric
Pressure
Inlet Phase Output Phase
Inlet
Outlet
to circuit to circuit
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP
Atmospheric
Pressure
Inlet
Outlet
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6. PUMP DISPLACEMENT
from
reservoir
piston
area
1 in
2
stroke
2.31 in.
to
circuit
flywheel
RPM
A pump's displacement is the
amount of fluid discharged per
revolution of the input shaft.
Displacement is usually
measured in in /rev (sometimes
abreviated CIR or CID), or in
cc/rev.
3
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7. Inlet
Outlet
Symbol
Idler Gear
Driven Gear
EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP
Volume on this
side increases as
gear teeth
unmesh
Volume on this
side decreases
as gear teeth
mesh
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8. Inlet Outlet
Symbol
External Gear
Crescent Seal
Internal Gear
CRESCENT-SEAL INTERNAL GEAR PUMP
Volume on this
side increases as
gear teeth
unmesh
Volume on this
side decreases
as gear teeth
mesh
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9. Inlet
Outlet
Symbol
Gerotor
Internal Gear
GEROTOR PUMP
Volume on this
side increases as
gear teeth
unmesh
Volume on this
side decreases
as gear teeth
mesh
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10. Rotor
Vanes
Cam Ring
VANE PUMP COMPONENTS
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11. ROTOR AND VANES
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12. PUMPING CHAMBERS
Increasing
Volume
Inlet side
Decreasing
Volume
Outlet side
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13. PUMPING CHAMBER FORMATION
Centrifugal Force
Direction of rotation
600 RPM MIN
Outlet Pressure
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14. Inlet
Rotor
Rotor
Rotation
Vane
Cam
Outlet
UNBALANCED VANE PUMP
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15. VANE TIP LOADING FORCES
Straight Vane Design
.O71 in
2
.O71 in
2
X 2500 PSI = 177.5 #
Under- Vane Area
Copyright 1999 Vickers IncorporatedC

16. Inlet
Outlet
Symbol
Vane
Rotor
Cam Ring
BALANCED VANE PUMP
Volume between
adjacent vanes
increases in inlet
quadrants.
Volume between
adjacent vanes
decreases in
outlet quadrants.
Rotation
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17. Inlet
Inlet
Outlet
Outlet
Balanced Vane PumpBalanced Vane Pump
Rotation
Rotation
DIRECTION OF ROTATION
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18. Copyright 1999 Vickers IncorporatedC
Shaft
Seal
Vane
Inlet
Outlet
Pressure
Plate
Rotor
Note:
Cam
Ring
BALANCED VANE PUMP
Ring/Rotor/Vane
assembly shown
in red

19. Maximum Volume
Adjustment
Pressure Compensator
Inlet Port
Outlet Port
VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT VANE PUMP
Timing adjustment for
noise reduction..
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Symbol

20. Maximum Volume
Adjustment
Pressure Compensator
Inlet Port
Outlet Port
VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT VANE PUMP
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Symbol

21. load
PRESSURE COMPENSATED PUMP CIRCUIT
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22. Inlet
Rotor
Rotation
Outlet Inlet
Rotor
Rotation
Outlet
UNBALANCED vs. BALANCED VANES
Unbalanced vane Balanced vane
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23. Inlet
Rotor
Rotation
At high RPM the vanes
start to float
BALANCED VANE OPERATION
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24. STRAIGHT VANE vs. INTRA-VANE
Intra-Vane DesignStraight Vane Design
.071in X 2500 PSI =177.5 #
2
.140in X 2500 = 350#
2
.034in X 2500 = 85#
2
177.5 pounds of force
on the vane tip
Pounds of force on the vane tip
with and without the intra-vane
Copyright 1999 Vickers IncorporatedC

25. INTRA-VANE
Inlet Quadrant Outlet Quadrant
Pressure Balance Across Vane
Reduced vane tip loading in
the inlet quadrant
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26. Rotor Surface
Pressure Acts
On These Areas
Pump Outlet Pressure
Acts On This Area
INTRA-VANE
85 pounds of force available
to hold the vane in contact
with the cam ring at higher speeds
Base of slot in rotor
@2500 PSI
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27. Outlet
Inlet
Rotation
Intra-vane feed notchEqualizing holes
INTRA-VANE FEED NOTCHES
Feed notch trails the
direction of rotation
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28. INTRA-VANE PUMP
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29. Shaft
Seal
Outlet
Cam Ring
Outlet
Support Plate
Rotor
Inlet
Support Plate
Intravane
Vane
Inlet
INTRAVANE PUMP
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30. DOUBLE PUMPS & TANDEM PUMPS
Double Pump Tandem Pumps
Outlet
2
Inlet
Outlet
1
Inlet
pump2 Inlet
pump1
Outlet
pump2 Outlet
pump1
Symbol Symbol
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31. DOUBLE PUMP
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32. HIGH PERFORMANCE VANE PUMPS
Small Vane
Tip Area
Balancing
Pressure Area
Vanes
Total Vane Area
Rotor
Cam Ring
Rotor
Hold-out
Pin
Double-lip
Vane
Drilled
Passageway
Cam Ring
Intra-Vane Type
Hold-out Pin Type Dual-Vane Type
Rotor
Vane Slot
Vane
Intra-vane
Intra-vane
Area
Drilled
Passage
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33. PIN TYPE VANE PUMP
CARTRIDGE
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34. PIN TYPE VANE CONSTRUCTION
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35. CARTRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
Support plate
Support plate
Cam Ring
Vane
Pin
Flex Plate
Rotor
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36. SIDE PLATE AND VANE CONSTRUCTION
Side Plate
Ring
Double
Tip Vane
Under-Vane
Piston
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37. Horsepower =
output
Horsepower =
input
Horsepower =
input
1714
1714 x Efficiency
63,025
Pressure x Flow
GPM
Pressure x Flow
GPM
Torque x Speed
lb-in rpm
HYDRAULIC PUMP FORMULAE
Torque
lb-in
Speed
rpm
Flow =
gpm
231
Displacement x Speed
cir rpm
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38. PUMP FAILURES
Other
Over Pressure: 5-6%
Aeration/Cavitation: 10-12%
Contamination: 80%
(poor fluid, defective parts,
accidental breakage, etc.)
Pump
Failure
Scrap
Barrel
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39. VANE PUMP DISPLACEMENT
Cam Ring throw
Ring thickness
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40. D
MW
VANE PUMP/MOTOR DISPLACEMENT
Displacement = 12W x
(M

+

D)
x
(M

-

D)
cir
4 2
Where:
W = Rotor Width (in.)
M = Major Bore Diameter (in.)
D = Minor Bore Diameter (in.)
GPM

=
Displacement x RPM
231
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41. W
H
D
Displacement = 6D x (2W - H) x
(H-W)
cir
2
Where:
W = Width of chamber (in.)
H = Height of Chamber (in.)
D = Gear Width (in.)
GPM

=
Displacement x RPM
231
GEAR PUMP/MOTOR DISPLACEMENT
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42. PUMP EFFICIENCY
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