Chapter_1 different types of servers in web application.pptx

types of servers

1. Chapter 1: Introduction Majed Sanan Lebanese University – Faculty of Sciences V

2. Web server Computer on which we have installed HTTP SERVER : IIS, Apache, Tomcat. We have 65,535 ports through which computers can communicate. IP and port as phone and extension Localhost: http://127.0.0.1 by default it redirects to port 80 (for http) https  port 443 By default web server listens on port 80. We can have multiple web servers working on the same machine. 2

3. Ports (by IANA:Int.Assigned Nbrs authority)  A  port  or  port number  is a number assigned to uniquely identify a connection endpoint and to direct data to a specific service.  3 categories: 1) well-known or public or system ports : 0.. 1023 ( 0 is no port) 2) registered ports: 1024..49,151 3) private or dynamic ports: 49,152…65,535 3

4. ports 4

5. Example 5

6. Example 6

7. http request 7

8. Example of http request 8

9. http response 9

10. http response 10

11. Http response 11

12. Accessing resources 12

13. Analogy : how web app. works 13

14. How web app. works 14

15. Possible dynamic web solutions 15

16. Application server A client request  static or dynamic content : if just static then no need for app. Server. Application server process data, run scripts, uses business logic in order to compute the web server request. While web servers deliver static web content, such as HTML pages, files, images and videos, application servers are built for more dynamic content, such as analytics data, transaction results and other information related to business purposes. Apache Kafka, Nginx, Glassfish, IBM websphere , Oracle weblogic … 16

17. What is asp? Active Server Pages  ( ASP ) is Microsoft’s first sever-side scripting language and engine for dynamic pages.  It was first released in December 1996, before being replaced in January 2002 by  ASP.NET. Initially released as an add-on to  Internet Information Services  (IIS) via the  Windows NT 4.0 Option Pack  (1996), it is included as a component of  Windows Server  (since the initial release of  Windows 2000 Server ). There have been three versions of ASP, each introduced with different versions of IIS: ASP 1.0 was released in December 1996 as part of IIS 3.0 ASP 2.0 was released in September 1997 as part of IIS 4.0 ASP 3.0 was released in November 2000 as part of IIS 5.0 17

18. Asp architecture: 18 * ASP uses  scripting on the server  to generate content that is sent to the client's web browser via HTTP response. *The ASP interpreter reads and executes all script code between <% and %> tags, the result of which is content generation. These scripts were written using  VBScript ,  JScript , or  PerlScript . * The  @Language  directive, the  <script language=" language " runat ="server" />  syntax or server configuration can be used to select the language.

19. Asp example In the example below, Response.Write Now() is in an  HTML  page; it would be dynamically replaced by the current time of the server. (file.asp or for disguising file.html or file.htm  file.aspx (including Classic ASP). 19

20. What is Asp.net? ASP.NET is a fundamental web development platform released in 2002 by Microsoft. It is based on the .NET framework, and it focuses on simplifying the development of web applications. It allows developers to build dynamic web pages, web services, and applications. The platform uses HTTP commands (such as GET and POST), HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create web applications. It also has its page definition syntax called ASP.NET Razor, which helps with server-side coding tasks such as embedding server code in a web page, accessing data, and creating a consistent look across web pages. ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing developers to write ASP.NET code using any .NET language, including C# and VB.NET. .NET: It is a developer platform made up of tools, programming languages , and libraries for building many different types of applications. https://www.w3schools.com/asp/default.ASP 20

21. Asp.net core compared to asp.net ASP.NET Core is a general-purpose, modular, cross-platform, and open-source platform for building web apps. It also has a new and improved dependency injection system, which allows for easier management of software components. ASP.NET can do all this too, but it’s not as fast and efficient. And while it can work on multiple operating systems (through  Mono Framework  ), it runs best on Windows. ASP.NET Core is also built on top of .NET Core, while ASP.NET runs on the full .NET framework. This means that ASP.NET Core can run on any operating system, while ASP.NET is essentially Windows-specific. While ASP.NET Core is the future of ASP.NET, it’s important to note that not all features from ASP.NET have been implemented in ASP.NET Core. For example, Web Forms, a framework for building event-driven web applications in a cloud environment, is not currently supported in ASP.NET Core. However, it can be ported with the right skills and strategic planning. In our  ASP.NET Web Forms to Modern ASP.NET migration whitepaper , we guide you through the steps. Ultimately, if we must compare ASP.NET vs ASP.NET Core, both frameworks can be used for web development, but the latter offers better performance and flexibility with its modular design and cross-platform support. 21

22. Differences: Since ASP.NET Core is a complete redesign and re-implementation of ASP.NET, there are many significant differences to consider when deciding which platform to use for your project. Compatibility: One key difference is compatibility. The original ASP.NET can run on  Linux , but it'll work better on Windows servers as they natively support the underlying .NET Framework. ASP.NET Core, on the other hand, can run on Windows, macOS, and Linux servers. Performance: ASP.NET Core also offers better performance and scalability thanks to its modular framework, lightweight implementation, and cross-platform compatibility. Ecosystem: The original ASP.NET, with a 20-year history, has a larger ecosystem, with more libraries and community support. However, this will undoubtedly change as ASP.NET Core continues to grow and gain popularity. Support: ASP.NET will soon be dropped from Microsoft's official support schedule, and all future development efforts will be focused on ASP.NET Core. The platform will only receive security updates, but any new feature development will only happen on ASP.NET Core. 22

23. Example of catalog of video games store 23

24. Asp.net : How it works ASP.NET is one of the family of software packages known as application servers. An application server is a piece of software that's installed on a web server to create a dynamic application platform. The world wide web includes many clients and servers that are connected over the Internet. Technically speaking, they communicate using a protocol called TCP/IP. This is the protocol that connects all of the computers in the whole world together. When these computers talk to each other, they exchange messages in a format known as HTTP, which stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol. This sort of communication is used whether you are working with a static website, that is a website that delivers static fixed web pages, or a dynamic web application such as those that are supported by ASP.NET.  24

25. Asp.net: how it works 25

26. Asp.net: how it works 26

27. Asp.net : how it works Web server ? (comp. running HTTP server as IIS,Apache , TomCat … ) ASP.net (App. Server)  web application (or dynamic website) deployed on IIS http server. Client requests a web resource (web page, image file, text file containing JS,CSS…) via web browser( IE,FireFox,Safari …) in HTTP formatted request. The server responds by sending back the requested resource regardless of whether you are working in a static or dynamic environment: It locates the file on its hard disk But in dynamic environment, AS software(in this case asp.net) is installed on the same computer as the web server(IIS), and can communicate with the database and with other server network resources. Then : web client web server (talks to)  app. Server DB and other net. Resources  then up to the web server to construct HTML formatted response sent back to  web client. Note: web browser doesn’t know that there is app. Server : it requests an HTML page and receives HTML page. (99%, 1%:XML,JSON…) 27

28. Setting Up the Development Environment 28 Tools Required: .NET SDK Visual Studio 2022 (or Visual Studio Code) Command Line Interface (CLI) Steps: Download and install the .NET SDK. (https://dot.net/download) Install Visual Studio or Visual Studio Code. (https://code.visualstudio.com) Verify installation using  dotnet --version

29. Creating Your First ASP.NET Core Application 29 Using CLI: dotnet new webapp -o MyFirstApp cd MyFirstApp dotnet run Using Visual Studio: Create a new project → ASP.NET Core Web App (Model-View-Controller) Run the application.

30. Download c# extension 30

31. Understanding the Project Structure 31 Key Files and Folders: Program.cs : Entry point of the application. Startup.cs  (if using .NET 5 or earlier): Configures services and middleware. wwwroot : Static files (CSS, JS, images). Controllers : Handles user requests. Views : UI templates (Razor views). appsettings.json : Configuration settings.

32. Understanding the project layout 32

33. . csproj project file: Declaring your dependencies Purpose of . csproj file: Project file for .NET applications. Key Details in . csproj : Information necessary for .NET tooling to build the project. Project Type Definition: Specifies the type of project (web app, console app, or library). Targeted Platforms: Defines the platforms the project targets (e.g., .NET Core 3.1, .NET 7). Dependency Management: Lists the NuGet packages the project depends on. 33

34. SUMMARY https://www.tutorialspoint.com/asp.net_core/index.htm https://www.tutorialspoint.com/asp.net/index.htm 34

35. Dotnet Dotnet –info Dotnet new list 35