Chapter-2-Frequency-Distribution-and-Graphical-Presentation.pptx

Education

1. CHAPTER 2: Frequency Distribution and Graphs

2. At the end of this lesson, students should be able to: understand how frequency distribution are used; organize data into frequency distribution table; and understand how graphical presentation of data are used. Objectives:

3. 50 80 90 42 53 91 89 80 72 98 42 90 41 48 43 52 74 78 83 47 85 73 64 89 50 80 90 42 53 91 89 80 72 98 42 90 41 48 43 52 74 78 83 47 85 73 64 89

4. Frequency 41 - 50 12 51 - 60 6 61 - 70 2 71 - 80 10 81 - 90 14 91 - 100 4

5. Frequency   is the number of times a data value or groups of data values (called classes) occur in a data set.

6. A  Fr equency D istribution is the pattern of frequencies of a variable. It’s the number of times each possible value of variable occurs in a data set. They are visual displays that organise and present frequency counts so that the information can be interpreted more easily .

7. Example: Frequency distribution in the 2022 Winter Olympics, Team USA won 25 medals.

8. 4 TYPES OF FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS 1. Ungrouped Frequency Distributions 2. G rouped Frequency Distributions 3. Relative Frequency Distributions 4. Cumulative Frequency Distribution

9. Ungrouped frequency distributions :   The number of observations of each value of a variable. You can use this type of frequency distribution for categorical variables.  

10. Ungrouped frequency distributions :   The number of observations of each value of a variable. You can use this type of frequency distribution for categorical variables.  

11.  The number of observations of each class interval of a variable. Class intervals are ordered groupings of a variable’s values. You can use this type of frequency distribution for quantitative variables.   Grouped Frequency Distributions    

12. Relative frequency distributions :   The proportion of observations of each value or class interval of a variable. You can use this type of frequency distribution for any type of variable when you’re more interested in comparing frequencies than the actual number of observations.   16

13.   Cumulative frequency distributions :  The sum of the frequencies less than or equal to each value or class interval of a variable. You can use this type of frequency distribution for ordinal or quantitative variables when you want to understand how often observations fall below certain values.  

14. Graphical Presentation A graphical presentation is a visual display of data and statistical results. It is more effective than presenting data in tabular form.

15. Pie Charts Bar Graphs Histogram Types of Graph

16. Graphical presentation can be used for the following purposes: compare categorical data compare series of data overtime percentage of total comparison relationship between two variables relationship between three variables

17. PIE CHART - is a graph that shows the relative frequency distribution of a nominal variable. A pie chart is a circle that’s divided into one slice for each value. The size of the slices shows their relative frequency.

18. Smoking Status Frequency Percentage Never 110 55% Past 50 25% Current 40 20% TOTAL 200 100% Frequency Table

19. PIE CHART

20. 2. BAR CHART - A bar chart is a graph that shows the frequency or relative frequency distribution of a  categorical variable (nominal or ordinal).

21. 3. HISTOGRAM - A histogram is a graph that shows the frequency or relative frequency distribution of a quantitative variable. It looks similar to a bar chart.

22. Thank You for Listening!

23. “Your thoughts determine your frequency, and your feelings tell you immediately what frequency you are on”. =-RHONDA BYRNE-=

24. Smoking Status Frequency Percentage Never 110 55% Past 50 25% Current 40 20% TOTAL 200 100% Frequency Table

25. Smoking Status Frequency Percentage Never 110 55% Past 50 25% Current 40 20% TOTAL 200 100% Frequency Table