Chapter 2 physics 12 (a)

electrostatic potential & electrostatic potential energy, equipotential surfaces

1. Chapter -2 Electrostatic Potential

2. Electrostatic Potential Energy

3. It is a scalar quantity. Its SI unit is J (Joule) & electron volt ( eV ). 1 electron volt is defined as kinetic energy gained or lost by electron in moving through a potential difference of 1 volt. 1 eV = 1.6 × 10 -19 J

4. Electric Potential Difference

5. Electric Potential due to single charge

6. Equipotential Surfaces Regions in space where electric potential has constant value over a particular charge distribution is called equipotentials . The 3D space in which potential have constant value is called as equipotential surface & 2D place where potential again has constant value is called as equipotential lines. They are always represented in form of concentric spheres or lines around the body depending on its dimension. These equipotential lines or surface are always drawn perpendicular to that of electric field lines. Some of equipotential surfaces are shown below:-

7. Equipotential surface due to opposite charges Equipotential surface due to similar charges

8. Relation between electric field & electric potential

9. Electrostatic Potential Energy It is defined as minimum work required to be done by external force in moving without acceleration a test charge q between any two points. Consider a system of two charges q 1 & q 2 . suppose q 1 is fixed & q 2 is moved from point A to B then

10. Always remember that while using this expression in numericals sign present on the charges should be used accordingly.