CHAPTER 3 oop with programming java language

CHAPTER 3 oop with programming java language

1. OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING FUNKY TUNES BY THEISA CHAPTER 3

2. CLASS Classes in C++ are user-defined data types that encapsulate data and functions that operate on that data. A class is defined using the class keyword followed by the class name, and can have member variables (also called data members) and member functions (also called methods ). Classes provide a way to group related data and behavior into a single unit.

3. key characteristics of classes: Encapsulation : Classes provide a way to encapsulate data and behavior into a single unit. This means that the data is hidden from outside code and can only be accessed through the class's member functions. Abstraction : Classes allow us to create abstract data types by hiding the implementation details and only exposing a public interface. Inheritance : Classes can be used as a base class for other classes, which inherit the data and behavior of the base class. Polymorphism : Classes can be used interchangeably through polymorphism, which allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they were of the same class.

4. OBJECT Objects : An object is an instance of a class. Objects have a state (represented by their data members) and behavior (represented by their member functions). Objects are created from class blueprints and can interact with each other to perform tasks.

5. key characteristics of objects: Identity: Each object is unique and can be identified by a reference or a pointer. State: An object has its own set of data that defines its current state. This data is stored in the object's member variables. Behavior: An object can perform actions, which are defined by its member functions. Encapsulation: An object's data and behavior are encapsulated within the class definition, which helps to organize and modularize code.

6. ASSOCIATIONS Associations describe the relationships between objects. They can be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-many. Here are some examples of associations: One-to-one : A person has one passport and a passport belongs to one person. One-to-many : A teacher teaches many students and each student has one teacher . Many-to-many : A student can take many classes and a class can have many students . Overall, understanding the relationships between objects through associations, and defining their state and behavior through classes, is essential in creating well-designed, modular, and maintainable code.