CHAPTER 7 Air science form 1 DLP SMK.pptx

science dlp form 1

1. CHAPTER 7: Air

2. K E Y W O R D (page 195) Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nitrogen Inert gases Helium Neon Argon Krypton Xenon Carbon cycle Oxygen cycle Global warming Greenhouse effect Combustion Fire extinguisher Air pollution

3. Where is the air??

4. We can feel the air

5. atmosphere Layer of air = atmosphere Consist of many gases ( eg : nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inert gas) Also contain dust, water vapour , microorganism AIR

6. atmosphere Layer of air = atmosphere Consist of many gases ( eg : nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inert gas) Also contain dust, water vapour , microorganism AIR Helium Argon Neon Xenon krypton

7. 7.1 COMPOSITION OF AIR Air is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and inert gas THE COMPOSITION OF AIR AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF ITS COMPONENTS BY VOLUME Nitrogen 78 % Oxygen 21 % Carbon Dioxide 0.03 % Inert gases and others 0.97 %

8. Nitrogen is an inactive gas Oxygen makes up (one-fifth) of the air. Very important for respiration   Carbon dioxide important for photosynthesis Air also contains water vapour , microorganism and dust

9. Nitrogen is an inactive gas Oxygen makes up (one-fifth) of the air. Very important for respiration   Carbon dioxide important for photosynthesis Air also contains water vapour , microorganism and dust

10. EXPERIMENT: TO DETERMINE THE PERCENTAGE OF OXYGEN IN THE AIR 5 4 3 2 1 Water level increase to the level marked 1. It shows that composition of oxygen is 1/5 or 21% of the air.

11. Nitrogen is an inactive gas Oxygen makes up (one-fifth) of the air. Very important for respiration   Carbon dioxide important for photosynthesis Air also contains water vapour , microorganism and dust

12. Prove that air contains WATER VAPOUR CHANGE COLOUR FROM BLUE TO PINK WHEN EXPOSED TO HUMIDITY GREATER THAT 2%

13. Prove that air contains DUST

14. Prove that air contains MICROORGANISM A B B

15. IS AIR A MIXTURE??? YES!! The components can be separated by a physical method (FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION)

16. Without air

17. THE IMPORTANCE OF GAS Oxygen Carbon dioxide nitrogen Inert gas

18. oxygen Carbon dioxide Water vapour - respiration

19. oxygen Combustion of rocket engine Welding and steel cutting Preparation of various compound

20. Carbon dioxide Production of carbonated drink Fire extinguisher Photosynthesis

21. Nitrogen Nitrogen cycle Nitric acid and ammonia Cooling agent

22. Inert gas Helium in hot air balloon Argon gas in light bulb Neon gas in advertising light

23. CARBON CYCLE ABSORB CARBON DIOXIDE Photosynthesis RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE Respiration Decomposition Combustion

24. CARBON CYCLE ABSORB CARBON DIOXIDE Photosynthesis RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE Respiration Decomposition Combustion Maintains the content of CO 2

25. OXYGEN CYCLE NEED OXYGEN Respiration Combustion Rusting Decomposition RELEASE OXYGEN Photosynthesis Very important !!!!!

26. OXYGEN CYCLE NEED OXYGEN Respiration Combustion Rusting Decomposition RELEASE OXYGEN Photosynthesis Please appreciate!!!!!

27. WAYS TO PREVENT INTERFERENCES IN THE OXYGEN AND CARBON CYCLES

28. Air pollution = carbon dioxide INCREASE

29. Deforestation= oxygen DECREASE

30. CAUSE INTERFERENCES IN OXYGEN AND CARBON CYCLES

31. CONSEQUENCES OF THIS INTERFERENCE: Global Warming Greenhouse Effect

32. GLOBAL WARMING

33. GREENHOUSE EFFECT

34. WAYS TO PREVENT INTERFERENCES IN THE OXYGEN AND CARBON CYCLES

35. 1. Prohibit illegal logging

36. 2. Avoid using excessive pesticides

37. 3. reforestation

38. excessive release of smoke from vehicles

39. 5. Do not burn forests

40. 7.2 COMBUSTION

41. conditions needed for combustion by removing one of the conditions needed, we can prevent combustion

42. Prove that fuel is needed for combustion Glass rod and stone will not burn while wood and candle will burn +

43. Prove that air (oxygen) is needed for combustion If we put a glass plate over the chimney , the flame finally goes off because the air is not available.

44. Prove that heat is needed for combustion in the presence of water, the ignition temperature of paper is not reached

45. Why do we use water to extinguish fire?

46. Why do we use water to extinguish fire?  water is exceptionally good at absorbing heat BECAUSE

47. FIRE EXTINGUISHER Protective tool that is used to put out a fire or handle a small fire

48. Various substance used in the fire extinguisher

49. Material on fire: SOLID (wood, cloth, paper)

50. Material on fire: LIQUID (oil, varnish, paint)

51. Material on fire: GAS (propane, acetylene, methane)

52. Material on fire: METAL (potassium, sodium, calcium)

53. Technique to remove the conditions needed for combustion: COVERING (cut off the contact of fuel with air/oxygen)

54. Technique to remove the conditions needed for combustion: 2. COOLING (cooling the surface of burning materials)

55. Technique to remove the conditions needed for combustion: 3. REDUCING AMOUNT OF BURNING MATERIAL (separate/keep away the burning materials)

56. Safety measures to prevent the occurrence of fire

57. 7.3 AIR POLLUTION Unwanted substances in the air that are harmful to living things and environment Common air pollutants are dust, carbon monoxide, lead, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), pesticides

58. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION 1 . Health problem –asthma, lung cancer, headache, death

59. 2. Building and infrastructures – Acid rain corrodes concrete/limestone buildings, speeds up iron rusting CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION

60. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION 3. Plants and animals –Depletion/damage of food resources (water acidic, smoke decrease sunlight reaching to earth)

61. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION 4 . Climate –haze, greenhouse effect, thinning of ozone layer and acid rain

62. WAYS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL AIR POLLUTION 1 . Law enforcement –fine smokers, fine person who conduct open burning, prohibit factories (away from housing area)

63. WAYS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL AIR POLLUTION 2 . Education – educate effect/way to prevent air pollution, organize campaign, encourage usage of public transport

64. WAYS TO PREVENT AND CONTROL AIR POLLUTION 3 . Sciece and technology – implement hybrid technology, choose HCFC refrigerator, install filter in smoke chimneys

65. CHECK YOUR ANSWER.. Summative practice 7

66. Nitrogen is an inactive gas Oxygen makes up (one-fifth) of the air. Very important for respiration   Carbon dioxide important for photosynthesis Air also contains water vapour , microorganism and dust

67. Nitrogen Nitrogen cycle Helps in animal and plants growth Nitric acid and ammonia Produce nitric acid and ammonia Cooling agent

68. Temperature of earth will increase CONSEQUENCES OF THIS INTERFERENCE: Global Warming Greenhouse Effect

69. IS AIR A MIXTURE??? YES!! The components can be separated by a physical method (FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION)

70. CARBON CYCLE ABSORB CARBON DIOXIDE Photosynthesis RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE Respiration Decomposition Combustion

71. Inert gas Helium in hot air balloon Argon gas in light bulb Neon gas in advertising light

72. atmosphere Layer of air = atmosphere Consist of many gases ( eg : nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, inert gas) Also contain dust, water vapour , microorganism AIR

73. oxygen Combustion of rocket engine Welding and steel cutting Preparation of various compound

74. green plants are the only living things that can be absorb and reduce carbon dioxide When a lot of trees are cut down, carbon dioxide which is released through respiration, combustion and decomposition will increase the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

75. CONSEQUENCES OF THIS INTERFERENCE: Global Warming Greenhouse Effect

76. Combustion is when fuel react with oxygen chemically and produce heat and light energy

77. Safety measures to prevent the occurrence of fire Ensure electrical wirings are according to the right specifications

78. Various substance used in the fire extinguisher

79. Safety measures to prevent the occurrence of fire

80. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION 4 . Climate –haze, greenhouse effect, thinning of ozone layer and acid rain

81. CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION 1 . Health problem –breathing difficulties and cough

82. 5. (c) the visiability distance is limited / shorter

83. 6 (a) Caused by natural processes such as The decay of organisms (dead bats) Respiration of bats/other animals

84. 6 (a) Caused by natural processes such as The decay of organisms (dead bats) Respiration of bats/other animals 6 (b) Flame of the torch will extinguish when the oxygen level is too low The use of the torch can warn us not to continue the exploration

85. 6 (c) No Because we don’t know the exact amount of oxygen in the cave The torch will increase the level of carbon dioxide in the cave

86. 6 (c) No Because we don’t know the exact amount of oxygen in the cave The torch will increase the level of carbon dioxide in the cave 6 (d) use the oxygen sensor We can know the exact level of oxygen and take precautions

87. 7 (a) Villagers are concerned about their health Quarry project will cause air pollution

88. 7 (a) Villagers are concerned about their health Quarry project will cause air pollution 7 (b) Job opportunities Can earn money

89. 7 (a) Villagers are concerned about their health Quarry project will cause air pollution 7 (b) Job opportunities Can earn money 7 (c) Yes The project can cause health problems to the villagers

90. 8 (a) Green plants need light energy for photosynthesis If lack of light, photosynthesis will decrease Plants that do not get enough sunlight will die Thus, farmers should replace sunlight with light energy from lamps (suitable intensity)