Characteristics of Research (1).pdf

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

1. CHARACTERISTICS
OF RESEARCH

2. Characteristics of Research
(Cristobal & Cristobal, 2017)

3. 1. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
SYSTEMATIC.
- The researcher needs to carry out a series
of interrelated steps in conducting the study.
Such procedure must follow a well-planned,
sequential and organized structure from
beginning to end.

4. 1. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
SYSTEMATIC.
- The research paper is divided into
macrosystem and microsystem. The former
refers to different chapters labeled with main
headings, while the latter consists of various
elements detailing the contents of each part.

5. 2. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
OBJECTIVE.
- The researcher needs to present
information that are purely based on truths.
It should always be anchored on the factual
basis in which the research work is founded,
thus being free from any bias or personal
opinion.

6. 3. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
FEASIBLE.
- The researcher needs to consider the
possibility and practicality of conducting the
proposed study. All significant factors like
time, budget and access to resources must be
analyzed to determine if the research can
actually be done.

7. 4. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
EMPIRICAL.
- The researcher needs to employ
appropriate methods, either quantitatively or
qualitatively, to produce evidence-based
information. They can be drawn from
concrete experimentation, direct or indirect
observation, and verifiable experience.

8. 5. RESEARCH SHOULD BE
CLEAR.
- The researcher needs to use comprehensible
language to present information and convey
explanation throughout the research process. The
factors to be manipulated, measured or described
in the study, also known as variables, must be
clarified using literature from published and
unpublished materials. They should be explained
well from the introductory part of the research
paper to ensure a deeper understanding of the
study to be conducted.

10. THE RESEARCH
PROCESS

11. Research process is a systematic manner
in which the researcher approaches
his/her area of study to produce
knowledge that the community will
consider to be worthwhile within the field
(Rao, 2017). Understanding such process
is an important step towards executing
any study. The following table shows the
five phases of the research process along
with their definition (Whittemore &
Melkus, 2008).

13. Now, here’s the simplified flow of
the significant steps you need to
take in conducting a study as
presented by Rao (2017):

14. 1. DEFINE THE RESEARCH
PROBLEM.
To begin your research, you must look at a
significant real-life problem. Factors like area of
interest, availability of fund, socio-economic
significance of the study, and the safety measures
to be undertaken should be considered in finding
and defining the research problem. The researcher
identifies English language proficiency as a
problem of aspiring maritime students in qualifying
for admission to prestigious maritime institutions

15. 1. DEFINE THE RESEARCH
PROBLEM.
The researcher identifies English language
proficiency as a problem of aspiring maritime
students in qualifying for admission to prestigious
maritime institutions

16. 2. REVIEW THE
LITERATURE.
Read various publications or surf the internet to
become aware of the previous works already done
about the chosen topic. You may utilize different
resources like science books, magazines, journals,
newspapers, or even in the internet.

17. 2. REVIEW THE
LITERATURE.
The researcher reviews previous studies conducted
about English language proficiency and the
experienced difficulties of aspiring maritime
students.

18. 3. FORMULATE
HYPOTHESIS.
A hypothesis is a theoretical statement in solving a
logical relationship between variables. It should be
based on the problem being solved. The researcher
hypothesizes that the implementation of English-
Only Policy (EOP) in the classroom can improve
the English language proficiency of Pre-
Baccalaureate Maritime students.

19. 4. PREPARE THE
RESEARCH DESIGN.
Identify what is the best means to collect and
analyze data in the study to clarify and improve the
research problem, purpose, and questions. The
researcher uses an experimental design on
exploring the experiences of the students in
implementing EOP.

20. 5. COLLECT DATA.
Use an appropriate data collection method to elicit
the needed information. The researcher collects
data through interview and focus group discussion.

21. 6. ANALYZE DATA.
Utilize strategies and methods that make sense of
the data to answer the research problem. The
researcher analyzes the data by drawing patterns
and themes from the generated data.

22. 7. INTERPRET AND
REPORT THE FINDINGS.
Put the information in perspective and present the
solution to the proposed problem based on the
findings of the investigation. The researcher
interprets and reports the findings based on the
collected and analyzed data to solve the research
problem .