Chemical properties of alcohols

Explain chemical properties of alcohols by various chemical reactions 
Define and explain preparation of ethers from alcohols by using chemical equations

1. Chemical Properties of Alcohols D.M    S. H.    K.M  

2. Contents Introduction: Learning Objectives Alcohols' Combustion  Alcohols' Dehydration  Alcohols' Oxidation Preparation of Ethers  2 Examples and Questions ​

3. Introduction: Learning Objectives 2.  Define and explain  preparation of ethers from alcohols by using chemical equations 1. Explain chemical properties of alcohols by various chemical reactions  

4. Alcohols' Combustion Reactions  Combustion What is Combustion? 

5. Example and Questions  Let's Practice and Revise! ___ C 3 H 7 OH + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O Propanol: C 3 H 7 OH or C 3 H 8 O reactants products C C H H O O = a d c b Coefficients: a = b = c = d =

6. Alcohols ' Combustion Reactions  2 C 3 H 7 OH + 9 O 2  6 CO 2 + 8 H 2 O Tips for Balancing: If number of H atoms in alcohol molecule completely divide to 4, so the coefficient of alcohol molecule should be 2. Then start equalizing number of C, H, then O atoms. If number of H atoms in alcohol molecule do not divide to 4, so the coefficient of alcohol molecule should be 1. Then start equalizing number of C, H, then O atoms.

7. Alcohols ' Combustion Reactions  4. ___ C 7 H 16 O + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O 3. ___ C 6 H 13 OH + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O 1. ___ C 4 H 9 OH + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O 2. ___ C 5 H 11 OH + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O 5. ___ C 8 H 18 O + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O 6. ___ C 9 H 20 O + ___ O 2 → ___ CO 2 + ___ H 2 O Balance the combustion reaction of an alcohol:

8. Alcohols' Dehydration Conditions: t > 140 °C → ALKENE t < 140 °C → ETHER

9. Alcohols' Dehydration Dehydration of Primary alcohols: CH 3 – CH 2 – C H (CH 3 ) – CH 2 OH                     CH 3 – CH 2 – C(CH 3 ) = CH 2 + H2O 2-methylbutan-1-ol 2-methylbut-1-ene 2 CH 3 – CH 2 OH                      CH 3 – CH 2 – O – CH 2 - CH 3 + H 2 O t < 140 °C ethanol diethylether CH 3 – CH 2 OH CH 2 = CH 2 + H 2 O t > 140 °C ethanol ethene   Preparation of Ethers   Preparation of Alkenes

10. Examples and Questions H + H + H +

11. Alcohols' Dehydration Dehydration of Secondary alcohols : CH 3 – CH OH – CH 2 – CH 3                         CH 3 - CH = CH – CH 3 + H 2 O    butan-2-ol                                               but-2-ene

12. Examples and Questions CH 3 - C H 2 - C H (OH) -CH 3 CH 3 -C(CH 3 ) 2 -CH(CH 3 )-CH(OH)-CH 3 CH 3 -CH(CH 3 )-CH(OH)-CH 3 CH 3 -CH(CH 3 )-C(OH)(CH 3 )-CH 2 -CH 3 CH 3 -CH(CH 3 )-C(C 2 H 5 ) 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 OH H + H + H + H + H +

13. Preparation of Ethers  What were the ethers?  General Formula? Functional Group? CH 3 CH 2 OH  +  H O CH 2 CH 3   →  CH 3 CH 2 O CH 2 CH 3  +  H 2 O ​ Preparation of Ethers from Alcohols:

14. Alcohols' Oxidation

15. Alcohols' Oxidation

16. Examples and Questions  Let’s practice: CH 3 -CH 2 -O H CH 3 -CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 O H CH 3 -CH 2 -CH 2 -O H CH 3 -C H (O H )-CH 3 CH 3 -CH 2 -C H (O H )-CH(CH 3 )-CH 3

17. Examples and Questions – HomeWork   5. 6. ​ 7.​