Chemistry of nanomaterials introduction

Chemistry of nanomaterials introduction

1. CHEMISTRY OF NANOMATERIALS CHEMISTRY OF NANO MATERIALS

2. NANO

3. NANO ‘ N ano ’ - the Greek word for dwarf means 10 -9 a nanometer - one billionth of a meter 1nm = 10 -9 m Nanometer objects - too small to be seen with our eye.

4. NANO

5. Nanoscience

6. Nanoscience A n emerging area of science T he study of materials that have very very small dimensions (100-10 nm in size ) I nvolves chemistry, physics, biology, mathematics, cognitive science and life sciences . It is: “ The study of phenomena performance and manipulation of ultra small structures or materials at atomic, molecular and macro molecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at a larger scale”

7. Special characteristics imparted by the nano dimensions The large ratio of surface area to volume . The large fractions of surface atoms to that in its bulk . The smallness of size which makes many barriers transparent . The size dependent properties such as absorption of light of a certain frequency due to the onest of quantum effects at the nanometer scale. Nano particles are also called ‘ quantum dots ’ due to the quantum effects.

8. Nanotechnology

9. Nanotechnology Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional system at the molecular scale The term “nanotechnology” was first defined by Norio taniguchi of the Tokyo science University in a 1974 paper as: “ Nanotechnology mainly consist of the processing of, separation, consolidation and deformation of materials by one atom or one molecule ” Nanotechnology is a blanket term and its principles and products are relevant to a wide range of fields including medical field, electronics, robotics, etc.

10. Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Nanoscience is simply the study of nanostructures nanotechnology is the implementation and application of such understandings.

11. HISTORICAL ASPECTS

12. 1867 James clerk max-well proposed as an experiment a tiny entity known as Maxwell’s Demon which can handle individual molecules

13. 1914 Richard Adolf Zsigmondy first to use nanometer for characterizing particle size

14. 1959 Richard Feynman ‘There’s plenty of room at the bottom’

15. 1980’s Eric Drexler “Molecular Nanotechnology “ [MNT] or “Molecular Manufacturing “

16. Nanotechnology and Nanoscience got boost with two major developments . B irth of cluster science I nvention of scanning tunnelling microscope [STM]

17. 1985 the discovery of fullerenes the structural assignments of carbon nanotubes a few years later. early 1990’s Huffman and Kraetschmer discovered how to synthesis and purify large quantities of fullerenes

18. FULLERENES AND CARBON NANO TUBES

19. Historical aspects 1867 James clerk max-well proposed as an experiment a tiny entity known as Maxwell’s Demon which can handle individual molecules 1914 Richard Adolf Zsigmondy first to use nanometer for characterizing particle size 1959 Richard Feynman ‘There’s plenty of room at the bottom’ 1974 Norio taniguchi The term nano technology was first used 1980’s Eric Drexler “Molecular Nanotechnology “ [MNT] or “Molecular Manufacturing “ Nanotechnology and Nanoscience got boost with two major developments . the birth of cluster science and the invention of scanning tunnelling microscope [STM] 1985 the discovery of fullerenes in and the and the structural assignments of carbon nanotubes a few years later. early 1990’s Huffman and Kraetschmer discovered how to synthesis and purify large quantities of fullerenes