chettinad house.pptx

At a distance of 90kms from Madurai, in the Sivaganga district of Tamil Nadu, Chettinad is home to the Nattukottai Chettiars (Nagarathar). They belong to a high-ranking banking and businessmen community. An amalgamation of traditional Indian architecture and a touch of European influence resulted in Chettinad house interiors, which we are huge admirers of. However, the thought behind the design of 19th century interiors runs deeper than that.

Built to ensure ventilation, these exotic homes use a variety of materials that guarantee durability. The elaborate architecture promotes natural sunlight and ventilation, great for the health of its inhabitants. The decor infuses culture and plenty of colour with brassware and Tanjore paintings. Therefore, these homes are known for their single-storey palatial mansions with spacious courtyards, Athangudi tiles, rooms embellished with marble and teak wood and traditional artefacts.

1. Chettinad house By ARWIN P BOOMIKA M JAYASREE B SARANYA S V RAGHUL M G

2. Chettinad is the home of the Nattukottai Chettiars ( Nagarathar ). The word " nadu " means"land of the chettiars ". They are mainly known for their prosperous banking and business community. It is also known for its local cuisine, architecture, and religious temples. They originally settled at Kaveripoompattinam , a seaside town near Thanjavur in Chola kingdom. Chettinadu has approximately 75 villages. There are nearly 11,000 houses . History of cHettinaD Since Chettiars were bussiness traders, they were all mostly seafarer who spent most of their time travelling for trading purposes. This was one of the main reason why their old mansions were left behind and not maintained properly. ●They Developled their business in Burma,Ceylon,Malaysia etc …

3. ●Then they moved to bigger town for business,and they will Get back for family function if necessary. Men traveled for business and women on young children remind at home. ●Kaveri pattinum was washed away by tidal wave,men left behind without families.At the same time cholesterol king who abducted one of their women. When the second world war brokeup most them had to return chettinad not being able to repatriate their investments and earnings. ●Pandya kingdom took this as a opportunity to bring Chettiars to pandya kingdom ,to do business and bring back wealth. ● Chettiars cake and settled in 72 villages.,they themselves located far away from sea.Built mansion 4 to 5 feet above ground level.

4. When the second world war brokeup most them had to return chettinad not being able to repatriate their investments and earnings. They left their huge mansions and nk lucrative means for livelihood. Area of chettinad was not suitable for agriculture and industry because Of shortage of water. Slowly they started moving bigger towns and started educating their Childers well,Current generation mostly comprises the engineers,doctors , Educated people.Still they use their mansions for celebrating family events. ●Slowly they started moving bigger towns and started educating their Childers well,Current generation mostly comprises the engineers,doctors , Educated people.Still they use their mansions for celebrating family events. Not suitable for agri because of water scarecity

5. SPATIAL FORMING The concept of the Chettinadu house is believed to have originated from the historic centre of Kaveripoompatnam The practice of raising the plinth by 2 metres was prevalent to prevent the water from entering the house due to frequent flooding. The planning concept of the house was based on The occupation of the people Their desires Cultural influences Climate consideration The occupation of the people and their desires determined the spaces created and their uses: Since the Chettiars were mainly involved in banking and trade, they needed storage space for keeping their valuables. The siderooms , ullarai and veliarai served this purpose. The very nature of business conducted meant frequent visits of guests, supporters and foreign businessmen. The planning of the house was also geared towards providing Accommodation for the guests--As the men folk were away on business for long periods of time, the women had to be provided with a residence which maximized security and made them self-sufficient.

6. MUTRRAM: COURTYARD. TALVARAM: CORRIDOR MUNN ARAI: FRONT ROOM. KALYANA KOTTAKAI: MARRIAGE HALL. PATAKASALAI, TINNAI: THE "PUBLIC" ROOM IN A HOUSE. BHOJANA SALAI: DINING HALL. VELIARAI: OUTER ROOM. ULLARAI: INNER ROOM. IRANTAM MAIYA ARAI: SECOND CENTRAL HALL. MURRAM: COURTYARD, ROOFED OR COVERED WITH GRILL WORK MUTRRAM: COURTYARD, ROOFED OR COVERED WITH GRILL WORK. TALVARAM: CORRIDOR. KALANJIYAM: STORE ROOM. SAMAIYAL ARAI: KITCHEN PIN KATTU: BACKYARD. KENI: WELL FRONT MALE SECTION OF HOUSE BACK FEMALE SECTION OF HOUSE

7. Characteristics of chettinad house 1. Cluster Houses Better drainage and sanitary facilities & for better road network 2. Mostly East West orientation The fact the sun is lower in the sky in Winter than in Summer allows us to plan and construct buildings that capture that free heat in Winter and reject the heat in Summer. Facing the long axis of a house east-west, so that wall areas receiving hot morning and afternoon sun are minimised . 3. High – rise compound wall (front side) for Security reasons and elevated plinth 4. ENTRANCE ARCH with stone steps 5. ELEVATED PLINTH: 7-8ft high to Avoid flooding. Foundation is raised to 7ft,and built from locally available red stones.this later became an aesthetic element , adding prominence to the building WALL THICKNESS :- One and half feet filled with lime mortar and brick 6. TILED PORTICO: Italian tiles & Athangudi Tiles

8. 7)FACADE WITH STUCCO SCULPTURES: Inspired from many countries where they did trade. They had sculptures inspired from various themes across the world. 8) VERANDAH ‘THINNAI’(TWO PLATFORMS)- The thinnai is a long narrow raised platform that serves as a meeting place and also as a kind of accomodation for travellers and visitors. 9) WOODEN PILLARS on it,Made out of granite/teakwood entrance leads to the imposing main door, usually made of wood( burma teak) with extraordinarily intricate carvings of mythological figures 10)HIGH DOOR FRAME with ornate wood work 13. OPEN COURTYARD (‘ Mutram – Valavu ’) serves as the venue for many ceremonies that the community performs from births to weddings and death

9. KITCHEN is located in the rearer end of the house called as kattu Staircase is mostly located in the corner of the house Banquet Hall Bhojan Hall ‘ Panthi kattu ’ on the side of the first kattu , 19. SQUARE – flat tiles floor of the ‘ mutram ’ will have rectangle stone slabs on all the four corners to bear the brunt mangalore tile and it is connected to a gutter through which rain water is collected. 20. SMALL SINGLE / DOUBLE ROOMS on one side or either side of the passage (‘ suththukkattu ’) length 18. SLANTING CLAY - tiled roofs

10. MATERIALS USED MANGLORE TILES BURMA TEAK SUPER PLASTER ATHANGUDI TILES STUCCO PLASTER CLAY ROOF TILE

11. Art and craft The arts and crafts of chettinad occupy a distinct position in South Indian folklore Wood carving, silver empbellishment , woven sarees, palm leaf baskets, gold jewellery , handmade tiles, architectural styles, refined cuisine and egg plastering are among their more visible contributions to the wide- ranging repertoire of Indian arts and crafts Chettinad baskets has a special attraction as they have intercate patterns made with date-palm leaves A Special feature of any Chettinad House is the decorative art of "KOLAM" practiced everyday at dawn on the cleansed threshold of the house