Cholecystectomy

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1. CHOLECYSTECTOMY PATEL.YASH.GIRISHBHAI

2. INTRODUCTION Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions.

3. Gallbladder is located just under the liver on the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile, produced by liver used to break down of fat for diagestion .

4. INDICATION Gallstones in the gallbladder (cholelithiasis) Gallstones in the bile duct (choledocholithiasis) Gallbladder inflammation Large gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis) Pancreas inflammation (pancreatitis) due to gallstones

5. RISKS A cholecystectomy carries a small risk of complications including: Bile leak Bleeding Infection Injury to nearby structures, such as the bile duct, liver and small intesting .

6. TYPES OF CHOLECYSTECTOMY OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

7. OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY In this method, 1 cut (incision) a bout 4 to 6 inches long is made in the upper right hand side of your belly. The surgeon finds the gallbladder and takes it out through the incision.

8. LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY This method uses 3 to 4 very small incisions. It uses a long, thin tube called a laparoscope. The tube has a tiny video camera and surgical tools.

9. The tube, camera and tools are put in through the incisions. The surgeon does the surgery while looking at a T.V. monitor. The gallbladder is removed through 1 of the incisions.

10. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is less invasive. It uses very small incisions in your belly. There is less bleeding. The recovery time is usually shorter than an open surgery.

11. PROCEDURE ANESTHESIA – most open cholecystectomy is performed under general anesthesia. Less common is under local anesthesia. POSITIONING – p.t positioned supine with arm exrended .

12. PROCEDURE Open cholecystectomy An incision will be made. The incision may slant under your ribs on the right side of your abdomen. Or it may be made in the upper part of your abdomen. Your gallbladder is removed. In some cases, 1 or more drains may be put into the incision, this allows drainage of fluids or pus.

13. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy – About 3 or 4 small incisions will be made in your abdomen. Carbon dioxide gas will be put into your abdomen so that it swells up. This lets the gallbladder and nearby organs be easily seen.

14. The laparoscope will be put into an incision. Surgical tools will be put through the other incisions to remove your gallbladder. When the surgery is done, the laparoscope and tools are removed. The carbon dioxide gas is let out through the incisions. Most of it will be reabsorbed by your body.