Circulatory Syatem - Frog 1.pptx

Animal physiology

1. DR GAYATRI HANDE ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPT OF ZOOLOGY SHRI SHIVAJI SCIENCE COLLEGE AMRAVATI BSC II Paper -3 S-Zoology LIFE AND DIVERSITY OF CHORDATA AND CONCEPT OF EVOLUTION

2. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF FROG

3. From the small intestine, the blood gathers food nutrients and delivers them to every cell. The Heart The  heart  pumps  blood  around the body. ... The right side of the  heart . ... The left side of the  heart . ... Blood vessels . ... Arteries . ... Capillaries . ... Veins .

4. Frogs  are amphibians and  have  a closed  circulatory system . Unless there is an abnormal mutation present. The frog heart has 3 chambers : two atria and a single ventricle. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the blood vessels (veins) that drain the various organs of the body. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and skin (which also serves as a gas exchange organ in most amphibians).

5. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Pump blood through respiratory system Blood circulates hormones of endocrine system Direct connection to lymphatic system Blood transports to nutrients to muscular system

6. Externally heart looks like a triangular structure. It is reddish color. It is 3 chambered besides sinus venosus and truncus arteriosus .

7. External Structure of Frog’s Heart Heart of frog is dark red colored conical muscular organ situated mid-ventrally in the anterior part of the body cavity in between two lungs . The heart is enclosed in two membranes- an inner epicardium and outer pericardium .

8. What is the pericardium? The pericardium is a thin sac that surrounds heart. It protects and lubricates heart and keeps it in place within chest. Problems can occur when the pericardium becomes enflamed or fills with fluid. The swelling can damage your heart and affect its function.

9. The space between these two layers is called pericardial cavity . It is filled with pericardial fluid which performs Protects the heart from mechanical injury. Keeps the heart moist Allows the free movement during beating. Also keeps in keeping the heart suspended in its proper position.

10. Its anterior end is broad and posterior end is somewhat pointed. The anterior broader part is called auricles whereas the posterior part is called ventricles . Auricles are two chambered: left and right auricles . These auricles are demarcated externally by very faint longitudinal inter auricular groove. So it externally appears one.

11. Ventricle is single chambered. It is most important part of the heart . It is conical in shape with thick muscular walls. It is clearly separated from auricles by coronary sulcus. Heart of frog consists of two additional chambers:

12. Sinus venosus - On the dorsal surface of heart, two precaval and a postcaval fused to form wide chamber called sinus venosus . It is thin walled dark colored triangular structure which opens into the right auricle. It receives impure blood from all parts of the body and pours it into right auricle.

13. 2. Truncus arteriosus It is a tubular structure arise from the right side of the ventricle is called truncus arteriosus . It extends forward over the right auricle and finally divides into two branches to form aortic trunks. Aortic trunk consists of- carotid arch, systemic arch and pulmonary arch.

14. Frog's heart where there is no partition to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated bloods. Human heart is four chambered with completely separate double circulation. Explanation: Frog's heart has two accessory chambers,  Sinus Venosus  for receiving blood from body and   Conus Arteriosus  for send in the blood out from heart. Human heart  does not possess such chambers. Blood from body enters directly in right auricle and blood is pumped out by two ventricles. Frog's heart has one ventricle, hence deoxygenated blood from body mixes with the oxygenated blood coming from lungs.

15. Functions of the Frog Heart Heart - Pumping organ of the circulatory system (has 3 chambers). Anterior Vena Cava - Large vein that carries blood from the anterior part of the body toward the heart. Posterior Vena Cava - Large vein that carries blood from the posterior part of the body towards the heart. Sinus Venosus - Sac that receives blood from the vena cava

16. Functions of the Frog Heart Right Atrium - Chamber of the frogs heart which receives blood from the sinus venosus . Left Atrium - The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the lungs. Pulmonary Veins - The blood vessels that carry blood form the lungs to the left atrium. Ventricle - Chamber of a frog’s heart that pumps blood out of the heart to the lungs and other parts of the body. Truncus Arteriosis - Large artery in a frog that carries blood away from the ventricle into branches that lead to all parts of the body.

17. THANKS