CL-515 Lec-03 Guidelines for design drawing of residential building-.pptx

Guidelines to draw Residential building plan;
How to draw plan of building?;
Planning residential building;
Civil Engineering drawing;
Foundation plan;
Structural plan;
Column layout;
Working drawing;
Key plan;
bubble diagram;
Line diagram;
cross-section sketch;
sectional elevation;
layout plan;
Standard dimentions of residential building and its compoenents;

1. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 1 Guidelines for Drawing and Planning for Residential Buildings CL-515 PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE Prepared By Lecture- 3 Prof. Samirsinh P Parmar Asst. Prof. Department of Civil Engineering Dharmasinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, INDIA Mail: [email protected]

2. Content of Presentation Steps for planning of building “Wh” questions or Questionnaire. Special Requirements of building. Preparation of plan - Bubble diagram - Line diagram - Plan/ Working drawing - 3D view. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 2

3. Steps of planning Collect information about the proposed building like purpose and general scope of its component. For example if the proposed building ios to be used for residential purpose, commercial purpose, industrial purpose, public use etc. Select a suitable site or plan of the building according to the site available. Place the plan elements with proper correlation giving consideration to the levels, aspect, prospect, orientation, convinence, comfort and attention to other principles. Adopt proper proportions and shape of units of building from practical utility and aesthetic point of view. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 3

4. “Wh” questions @ ?? Budget Plot area Family requirement No. of story's Stair style and location Ventilation requirement Parking requirement Local building bye laws Legal procedures Height of ceiling Plinth height Material specifications Flooring material Finish of exterior as well as interiors of wall. Ease of maintenance Future expansion etc. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 4

5. Any special/Specific requirements? Basement parking Water harvesting Smart home technology Solar panels on roof Miscellaneous materials Seismic safety etc…! CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 5

6. Plan A projection of the portion of horizontal plane when the building is imagined to be cut by a horizontal plane slightly above the window sill level is plan. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 6

7. PREPARING THE PLAN

8. Preparing the architectural drawings: Site plan CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 8 Plans Sections Elevations

9. Bubble diagram Bubble diagram- rough sketch- line diagram- sketch CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 9

10. Rough Sketches…. ! CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 10

11. Line plan / Line Diagram First prepare a line plan for the residence so that the changes needed can be easily done. A line plan is a plan which doesn't take the wall thickness into account. While preparing a line plan the orientation on plot, north direction, direction of prevailing winds, location of roads etc. Should be taken in account. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 11

12. Preparing sketch plan Sketch plan is prepared from the lie plan after the wall thickness, position of doors and windows, columns and beams, direction of openings etc. It is the final plan taken into consideration. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 12

13. Wall thickness For R.C.C. Structures we use 230 mm – external walls 150 mm – internal walls Wall thickness of 150 mm including plaster on both sides or 200 mm excluding plaster is more preferred than 230 mm thick wall including plaster. For load bearing structures 200 mm to 300 mm thickness walls are used. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 13

14. Openings For residential buildings the doors open inside and the door, window and ventilator frames must be kept in flush inside the wall. The opening for doors must be carefully planned such that the doors don’t block the passage or that it doesn’t partially or fully block opening for other doors or windows. Complete specifications for door, windows and ventilation should be given. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 14

15. Dimensions Dimensions should be clearly visible and be positioned such that they are within the boundaries of room and are not crowded. They should not be placed such that they go unnoticed. Overall dimensions of the four sides of the buildings should be mentioned and the should tally with the sum of dimensions of the room in series along the direction. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 15

16. Miscellaneous Draw kitchen otta, sink, built in cupboard, W.C. Pan,wash basin, staircase, front and rear steps. Verandah column should not obsturct the full view of the main entrance door or the window of drawing room. Projections from walls as sunshades, porches and beams from verandah column which are above sill level windows are to be shown in dotted lines. Scale for plan should be written as 1 cm = 1 metre but not as 1 m = 1 cm. i.e. Fraction should be greater than 1. Conventions and symbols for stone masonry and brick masonry, wood and concrete work etc. should be done after dimensioning and indicating names in lighter shade compared to main drawing. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 16

17. CROSS SECTION

18. What is section? Section is a full view of building in vertical plane from foundation level to top of parapet wall. It reveals all details of construction. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 18

19. PREPARING THE SECTION

20. Elements All construction details from foundation to roof are to be shown i.e. Thickness of wall Foundation for the walls Slab thickness Flooring details for finish and bed below flooring Vertical heights above the floor top Height of doors and windows Lintel thickness Sunshade projection and thickness CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 20

21. Section line Section line should be broken line having one long dash and twos short dashes alternately and evenly spaced. It should pass through doors, windows, cupboard, bath room, W.C. And stairs, showing all the interior details. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 21

22. Heights Heights from floor level to foundation bed level and floor level to top of roof should be shown. Vertical dimensions for study objects like window, chajja, door etc. Which are cut by section line and project those in wall. Height of room in case of R.C.C. Slab roof is measured from floor level to the bottom of roof slab and that in 1 st class and 2 nd class mud roofing is measure from floor level. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 22

23. ELEVATION

24. WHAT IS ELEVATION? Elevation is the appearance of the building above ground level in vertical plane. Elevation is one of the most important architectural aspect of a building giving an overview of the appearance of the building after construction. Dimensions in elevation are to avoided completely if possible. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 24

25. Standard dimensions for various building units

26. Standard Dimensions for Various Building Units The minimum depth of foundation is kept 1m below the ground level. Plinth height may be kept 500mm to 600mm but 450mm is more common.with greater plinth height,the building gets majestic appearance. Plinth area should be a minimum of 1.2 times the floor area of the building. Minimum width of footing = 2 t + 2 j Where, t = thickness of wall immediately above basement level (not <200 mm ) j=offset of concrete(not <100 mm) CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 26

27. Standard Dimensions for Various Building Units Thickness of the damp proof course is 20mm to 25mm. Floor finish is generally with 10mm to 20mm thick cement mortar or tiles. Ceiling height for main rooms of a residential building should be 3000mm to 3600mm. The carpet area should be 50% to 65% of the floor area. Main entrance door of a residential building should be of 1000mm * 2100 mm in size. other doors should have a minimum width of 900mm and height of 2000mm. Doors for W.C. and bathrooms are 600mm to 750mm* 1800mm with single leaf shutter. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 27

28. Standard Dimensions for Various Building Units The size of window depends on the total area of window openings required. therefore following things should be kept in mind. Window width=1/8(width of room + height of room) Glass area in windows should be 10% to 20% of floor area of the room for good lighting. At least one sq.m. of window area should be provided for every 30 cubic metres of inside room space. Generally the minimum size of window is 750mm*1000mm. Window sill level is 900 to 1200mm above floor level. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 28

29. Sizes for Various Rooms of a Residential Building: CONTENT SIZE(sq. mm ) Drawing Room or Living Room 4200*4800 to 5800*7200 Bed Room 3000*3600 to 4200*4800 Dining Room 3600*4200 to 4200*4800 Kitchen 2500*3900 to 3000*3000 Bath & W.C. Combined 1800*1800 to 1800*2500 Bath(separate) 1200*1800 W.C.(separate) 1200*1200 Guest Room 3000*3600 Store Room 2500*2500 to 3000*3000 CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 29

30. Stairs: Rise in residential building = 130mm to 190mm. Rise in office building = 125mm to 150mm. Tread = 275mm to 350mm for public building. Tread = 250mm to 300mm for residential buildings. Thumb Rule: (T + (2*R) ) = 550 to 650 (mm) (T * R) = 39000 to 48000 (s.q. mm) No. of risers = (Total height of floor)/(Height of riser) No. of treads = No. of risers - 1 CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 30

31. Standard Dimensions for Various Building Units Thickness of R.C.C. lintel beam is 100mm to 250mm and150mm is more common. Thickness of R.C.C. roof slab is 100mm to 150mm and that of sunshades is 25mm to 50mm. Sunshades project through 450mm or 500mm beyond the facing of external walls. Width of verandah is from 1.8m to 3m and width of passage is 0.8m to 1.2m in residential houses. The height of parapet wall should not be less than 0.60m and not more than 1.2 m above the finished floor level. The minimum size of ventilator is 1000mm*500mm in order to provide good ventilation for any habitable room. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 31

32. Special Requirements for low income housing: Maximum plinth area = 40 sq. Meter Plot Size = 30 s.q. meter to 200 s.q.metre Maximum height of building = 15 m Minimum width of the plot = 3.6 m Mezzanine floor height = 2.1m to 2.4m Circulation area Should Not be greater than 8(s.q.metre/dwelling unit) CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 32

33. End Result must be… ! CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 32 Plan ELEVATION CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW Necessary Approvals Signs of Authority No. of revisions made Project title Name, address and logo of architecture firm

34. Final Report Include Plan Working drawing Reinforcement detailing Plumbing and sanitary plan Electrical plan Terrace plan At last 3D view CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 33

35. Site Plan CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 35 This is primary drawing used for marking out the plan on the ground. It represents the location, orientation and information about the site’s topography, landscaping utilities ,and site work.

36. Key Plan A key plan drawn to a scale of not less than 1 in 10 000 shall be submitted along with the application for a development/building permit showing the boundary locations of the site with respect to neighborhood landmarks. The minimum dimension of the key plan shall be not less than 75 mm. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 36

37. Site Plan The site plan sent with an application for permit shall be drawn to a scale of not less than 1 in 500 for a site up to one hectare and not less than 1 in 1 000 for a site more than one hectare. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 37 This is primary drawing used for marking out the plan on the ground. It represents the location, orientation and information about the site’s topography, landscaping utilities ,and site work.

38. Site Plan represents: The boundaries of the site and of any contiguous land belonging to the owner thereof; The position of the site in relation to neighbouring street; The name of the streets in which the building is proposed to be situated, if any; All existing buildings standing on, over or under the site including service lines; CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 38

39. Layout Plan : Drawn on a scale of not less than 1 : 500 containing the following: Scale used and north point; The location of all proposed and existing roads with their existing/proposed/prescribed widths within the land; Dimensions of plot along with building lines showing the setbacks with dimensions within each plot; The location of drains, sewers, public facilities and services, and electrical lines, etc ; Table indicating size, area and use of all the plots in the sub-division/layout plan; A statement indicating the total area of the site, area utilized under roads, open spaces for parks, playgrounds, recreation spaces for parks, playgrounds, recreation spaces. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 39

40. Working Drawing CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 40 A scale drawing which serves as a guide for the construction or manufacture of something such as a building.

41. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 41 Structural Drawing

42. Structural Drawing CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 42

43. Structural Drawing CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 43

44. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 44 Excavation Drawing

45. Footing Layout Plan CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 45

46. Column Layout CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 46

47. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 47 Electrical Drawing

48. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 48 Plumbing Drawing

49. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 49 Plumbing Drawing

50. Furniture Plan CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 50

51. Reference Books: CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 51

52. Draw an architectural plan for a residential building to be accommodated in 32ft wide and 46 feet long plot of land facing towards east. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 52 32feet 46 feet Road 24 feet wide East North Common wall Requirement from family: Ground floor: Drawing room Kitchen Dining Bedroom Sanitary block (attached) ( Varandah ) Stair from inside

53. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 53 From Local Building byelaws: ( Minimum margins) Front margin: 2.1m =6.8 feet Rear margin: 1.6m = 5.2 feet Side margin : 1.1m = 3.6 feet 28.4 feet 34 feet Total construction area= 28.4 x 34 = 965.6 feet^2 LAB on 16 th July 2021

54. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 54 28.4 feet 34 feet

55. Option-1 CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 55 Option-2

56. Option-3 CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 56 Scale: 1cm = 2 feet

57. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 57

58. Steps for further planning CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 58 Prepare a line diagram after bubble diagram Calculate area of each room ( Add or remove area) Include wall thickness = 30 cm ( all walls)

59. Calculate stair for number of steps and risers CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 59

60. CL-515 P&A, Prof. SPP. DoCL, DDU, Nadiad, Gujarat, India 60 In case of any doubt, mail me @ [email protected]