CLASSIFICATION OF FIELD CROPS

PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF CROP PRODUCTION

1. UNIT- I: AGRICULTURE AND CROP PRODUCTION FIELD CROP PRODUCTION SATHISHKUMAR MANI, M.Sc. (Hort.), Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture Engineering, Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology.

2. Grown on a vast scale under field condition . They are mostly seasonal such as rice, wheat, cotton etc., Any of the herbaceous plants grown on a large scale in cultivated fields: Primarily grain, forage, sugar, oil, or fibre crops. CLASSIFICATION OF FIELD CROPS

3. I. CEREAL CROPS A cereal is generally defined as a cultivated grass grown for their edible starchy grains. Bulk of staple food crops all over the world comes from this group. CLASSIFICATION OF CEREALS

4. MAJOR FIELD/CEREAL CROPS BARLEY MAIZE RICE WHEAT

5. MILLETS Major Millets Bajra Sorghum Ragi

6. Minor Millets Little Millet (Samai) Foxtail Millet (Thenai) Proso Millet (Pani Varagu) Kodo Millet (Varagu) Barnyard Millet (Kudiraivali)

7. II. PULSE CROPS Pulses are grain legumes used as food . On splitting they produce dal which is rich in protein. They are regarded as building blocks of living organisms for high protein content . These crops have the unique built in ability of fixing atmospheric nitrogen in their root system. CLASSIFICATION OF PULSE CROPS

8. GRAMS Bengal Gram Red Gram Black Gram Green Gram Horse Gram

9. BEANS Soybean Field bean French bean Double bean Winged bean Cluster bean Moth bean

10. PEAS PEA COW PEA

11. III. OIL SEEDS Oil seed crops are grown for the purpose of oil. The seeds of these crops are rich in fatty acids and are used to extract vegetable oil to meet edible oil, industrial and plant protection requirements. CLASSIFICATION OF OIL SEED CROPS

12. EDIBLE OIL SEED CROPS Groundnut Sunflower Safflower Soybean

13. Sesamum Niger Mustard Rape seed

14. NON - EDIBLE OIL SEED CROPS Lin seed /Flax Castor Cotton seed oil

15. IV. FIBRE CROPS These plants are grown for extraction of fibres which are mainly used for clothing, rope making, carpet making and other purposes. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRE CROPS

16. FRUIT FIBRES Kaps/Silk cotton Cotton

17. STEM/STALK/BAST FIBRES Meshta Jute Fibre Collection

18. LEAF/HARD FIBRES Musa textiles

19. V. SUGAR CROPS Sugarcane Sugarbeet

20. VI. FODDER AND FORAGE CROPS Forage crops refer to vegetative matter, fresh or preserved, utilized as feed for animals. It includes fodder, hay, silage and pastures. Fodder Sorghum Fodder Maize Cowpea Cumbu Napier

21. VII. GREEN MANURE AND GREEN LEAF MANURE Green manure & Green leaf manure crops are those crops which are used for incorporating their plant tissues into the soil for improving the soil productivity. a) In-Situ Green Manure Crops Green manure crops are grown and incorporated in to the soil of the same field in which it is grown.

22. b) Ex-situ Green Manure Crops /Green Leaf Manure Crops Green leaves are collected from all the available sources and incorporating them in the soil.

23. REVIEW QUESTION ?