Classification of lipids

An Overview of lipid classification.

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3. Glycerol is a tri-
hydroxy sugar
alcohol with 3
carbon atom and 3
hydroxyl group.
It form the back
bone of fatty acids in
fats.
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4. Fatty acid structure

Types

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5. A triglycerides is an
ester formed from
glycerol and 3 fatty
acid groups.
Triglycerides are
classified as natural
fats and oils.
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6. 3 Fatty acid + Glycerol
They are triglycerides
Difference between fats and oils are:
Fats are solid at room temperature, Oils are
liquid at room temperature.
Fats are mostly from animals, oils are mostly
from plants and fish.
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7. Wax are composed
of an ester of fatty
acid + cetyl alcohol.
They are water
resistant, so they are
insoluble in water
Eg: bees wax,
carnauba wax,
lanolin (wool wax)
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9. Poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are
fatty acids that contain two or more
double bonds in their backbone.
PUFAs and MUFAs are healthy fats, they
reduce risk of heart disease.
PUFAs are present in plant, sea foods,
some nuts and seeds.
2 major class of pufa are omega 3 and
omega 6


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10. Phospholipid are type of
complex lipid.
Fattyacid + alcohol+
phosphate + nitrogenous
base.
They are major
component of the
plasma membrane,
outermost membrane.
2 types:
Glycerophospholipid
Sphingophospholipid.


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11. Fatty acid + glycerol+
phosphate+Nitrogeous
base
Eg:
Phosphotedylethanola
mine-Cephalin
Phosphotedylcholin-
lecithin.
Fatty acid+ sphingosine
+ phospate+
Nitrogenous base.
Eg:
Sphingomyelin.
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 Amide + acyl group


Sphingosine + fatty
acid.

13.  A glycolipid is a
carbohydrate attached to
lipid by glycosidic bond.
 fatty acid + sphingosine +
carbohydrate+ nitrogenous
base.
3 types: Cerebrosides
Sulfatides
Gangliosides
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15. Protein + fat which carry cholestrol
through blood stream.
Role: adsorption and transfer of lipids
throughout the body.
4 types: CM, VLDL, LDL, HDL
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16. Hydrolyzed product of simple and
compound lipid is called Derived lipids.
Eg: steroids- sex hormone, bile acid.
sterols- phytosterol, zoosterol, mycosterol.
fat soluble vitamins – vitamin A,D,E,K.
Carotinoids – carotine, xanthophils.
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17. Energy storage.
Cell membrane.
Mobilisation, Utilisation.
Signal transmission.
Hormone synthesis.
Bile acid synthesis.
Insulation and protection.
Cell differentiation.
Cholestrol formation.
Maintain temperature.
Prostaglandin formation.

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