Classification Of Petroleum Reservoir .pdf

Classification Of Petroleum Reservoir

1. Reservoir Engineering
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
By
Abbas Radhi Abbas
Iraq / Missan / 2022
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

2. 2
1-According Nature of rock:
2-According to Technology
3-According to Reservoir boundary
4-According Geologic complexity
5-According to Reservoir dip
6-According Rock characteristics
7-According to Mode of production:
8-According to Location
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

3. 3
9-According to Reservoir pressure:
10-According to Production characteristics:
11-According to Reservoir life
12-According to fluid properties
13-According to Rock type
14-According to phase behavior
15-According to drive mechanism
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

4. 1.Source rock : (petroleum is produced from where it was
generated)
2.Reservoir rock (oil and gas migrated to a separate location
from the source rock
1.Conventional –reservoirs that are developed and produced by
traditional tools and techniques; rock and fluid characteristics are
favorable for production on a commercial scale
2.Unconventional –reservoirs that require innovative approaches and
emerging technologies to develop economically due to unfavorable
conditions; unconventional reservoirs are characterized by ultratight
formation, extra heavy oil, or location of the reservoir at great depths,
among others
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According Nature of rock:
According to Technology
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

5. 1.Closed
2.Edge-water drive
3.Bottom-water drive
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According to Reservoir boundary
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Edge-water driveBottom-water drive
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

6. 1.Single layered
2.Multilayered or stratified (communicating, partially communicating,
noncommunicating)
3.Fractured
4.Faulted (sealing, partially sealing, nonsealing)
5.Compartmental
6.Tight (poor oil and gas conductivity characteristics)
7.Highly heterogeneous (rock properties vary significantly)
6
According Geologic complexity
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
1.Steep inclination –dictates location of wells
According to Reservoir dip
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

7. 1.Unconsolidated
2.Consolidated
3.Tight
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According Rock characteristics
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
1.Primary (production by natural reservoir energy)
2.Secondary(production augmented by water flooding)
3.Tertiary(production enhanced by injecting chemical, foam, and
thermal treatment
According to Mode of production:
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

8. 1.Onshore
2.Offshore, including deep-sea reservoirs
3.Shallow, including oil sands
4.Deep, including basin-centered reservoirs
1.Over-pressured
2.Under-pressured
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According to Location
According to Reservoir pressure:
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

9. 1.Early stage in production
2.Peak production
3.Declining production
4.Matured reservoir)
1.Single-phase flow (oil or gas)
2.Multiphase flow (oil and gas, oil and water, oil, gas and water, gas
and water)
3.High water cut
4.High gas/oil ratio
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According to Production characteristics:
According to Reservoir life
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

10. 1.Sandstone
2.Carbonate
3.Shale, silt, clay
4.Coalbed
5.Salt dome
6.Combinations of the above
1.Black oil
2.Volatile Oil
3.Retrograde condensate gas
4.Wet gas
5.Dry gas
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According to fluid properties
According to Rock type
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

11. 1.Solution gas drive
2.Gas Cup drive
3.Water drive
4.Gravity drainage drive
5.Combination drive
1.Single phase gas
2.Gas condensate
3.Under saturated oil
4.saturated oil
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According to phase behavior
According to drive mechanism
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

12. •The Five Reservoir Fluids
1-According to fluid properties
According to fluid properties
1.Black oil
2.Volatile Oil
3.Retrograde condensate gas
4.Wet gas
5.Dry gas
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

13. Black Oil Reservoirs:
•GOR < 1,000 SCF/STB
•Density less than 45°API
•Reservoir temperatures < 250°F
•Oil FVF < 2.00 (low shrinkage
oils)
•Dark green to black in color
•C7+ composition > 30%
Black Oil Reservoirs:
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

14. Volatile Oil Reservoirs:
•1,000 < GOR < 8,000 SCF/STB
•Density between 45-60°API
•Oil FVF > 2.00 (high shrinkage
oils)
•Light brown to green in color
•C7+ composition > 12.5%
Volatile Oil Reservoirs:
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

15. Gas Condensate Reservoirs:
•70,000 < GOR < 100,000
SCF/STB
•Density greater than 60°API
•Light in colour
•C7+ composition < 12.5%
Gas Condensate Reservoirs:
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

16. Wet Gas Reservoirs:
•GOR > 100,000 SCF/STB
•No liquid is formed in the reservoir.
•Separator conditions lie within
phase envelope and liquid is
produced at surface.
Wet Gas Reservoirs:
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

17. Dry Gas Reservoirs:
•GOR > 100,000 SCF/STB
•No liquid produced at surface
Dry Gas Reservoirs:
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

18. Range of Reservoir fluid properties
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

19. 1.Clastic Reservoir
2.Carbonate Reservoir
According to Rock type
2-According to Rock type
1-Clastic Reservoir
•Consist primarily of Silicate Mineral ( Quartz SiO2)
•Sandstone porosity ( 10-30 )%
2-Carbonate Reservoir
•Mean limestone and dolomite
•Limestone is better than dolomite for ( porosity and permeability )
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

20. 2-According to Rock type
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

21. According to phase behavior
1.Single phase gas
2.Gas condensate
3.Under saturated oil
4.saturated oil
3-According to phase behavior
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

22. Pressure-temperature phase diagram
for
multicomponent hydrocarbon reservoir
fluid mixture. For
isothermal production in the reservoir:
position Aindicates
reservoir fluid found as an under
saturated oil;
position B
indicates reservoir fluid found as a gas
condensate;
position Cindicates reservoir fluid
found as a dry gas
Pressure-temperature phase diagram
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

23. 4-According to drive mechanism
According to drive mechanism
1.Solution gas drive
2.Gas Cup drive
3.Water drive
4.Gravity drainage drive
5.Combination drive
Drive Mechanism
The natural energy of the reservoir used to transport hydrocarbons towards and out of the
production wells
.
There are five important drive mechanisms (or combinations).
1.Solution Gas Drive.
2.Gas Cap Drive.
3.Water Drive.
4.Gravity Drainage.
5.Combination or Mixed Drive
A combination or mixed drive occurs when any of the first three drives operate together
or when any of the first three drives operate with the aid of gravity drainage.
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

24. 1-Solution Gas Drive
Solution Gas Drive:
Gas breaks out of solution and
expanding gas maintains pressure
in reservoir somewhat over time
TrendCharacteristics
Declines rapidly and continuouslyReservoir Pressure
then dropsFirst low then rises to a maximum andGas/Oil Ratio
continues to decline First high, then decreases rapidly and Production Rate
None
Requires artificial lift at early stagesWell Behavior
5-30% of original oil-in-placeExpected Oil Recovery
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

25. Gas Cap Drive:
Gas in gas cap is expanding as pressure
depletes, maintaining pressure somewhat
overtime (later stages of solution gas drive)
2.Gas cap Drive.
TrendCharacteristics
Falls slowly and continuouslyReservoir Pressure
Rises continuouslyGas/Oil Ratio
First high, then declines graduallyProduction Rate
Absent or negligible
Long flowing life depending on size of gas capWell Behavior Cap
20 to 40% of original oil-in-placeExpected Oil
Recovery
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

26. Water Drive
Large aquifer volume expands
providing pressure for relatively
small oil volume. Can be
supplemented with water injection.
Over time:
3.Water Drive.
TrendCharacteristics
Remains highReservoir Pressure
Remains steadyGas/Oil Ratio
tarts early and increases to appreciable amounts
Flow until water production gets excessiveWell Behavior Cap
up to 60% original oil-in-place.Expected Oil
Recovery
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

27. Gravity Drainage Drive
Usually for heavy oils with very little or no
gas.
Oil literally is produced as the density of the
oil drops and oil moves under force of
gravity.
Normally accompanied by artificial lift.
Can also be supplemented with water
injection.
Over Time:
Reservoir pressure remains low.
GOR very low if at all.
4.Gravity Drainage.
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

28. combination drives : we have a gas cap
with the oil accumulation underlain
by water providing potential water drive
.So both free gas and water are in
contact with the oil.
In such a reservoir some of the energy
will come from the expansion of the gas
and some from the energy within the
massive supporting aquifer and it is
associated compressibility.
5.Combination or Mixed Drive
5.Combination or Mixed Drive
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022

29. 29
About Authorized
Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022
Name: Abbas Radhi Abbas
Position: Chief Engineer / petroleum Engineer
Nationality: Iraq-Missan
Date of Birth: 1978
Gender: Male
Education Background:
Period Education description
1996-2001 University of Bagdad –college of Engineering –petroleum engineering department-(BSc)
Certificates of Appreciation
•15 Certificates of Appreciation from different international companies such as (Schlumberger-
HalliburtonWeatherford , CNOOC , COSL , BHDC )
•17 online webinar during 2020-2022
Work Experience : in MissanOil Company ( MOC)
Period Work description
(2004-2006) reservoir engineer
(2006-2010 ) water injection engineer
during (2011) drilling and workover engineer
(2011 to 2022 ) petrophysicsmanager inGeology and Reservoir department
Language:
Mother language:
Arabic
Second
language/level:
English/Fluent oral and written in English.

30. Thank You!
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Classifications Of Petroleum Reservoirs ----By : Abbas Radhi Abbas -Iraq / Missan / 2022