Cloud Computing, Cloud Architecture, Categories

Cloud computing is an emerging computation model that provides on-demand facilities, and shared resources over the Internet.
By cloud computing, users can gain access to their applications anytime they want, from anywhere, through any connected device

1. CLOUD COMPUTING (CC)

2. DEFINITION
•The National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST), defines cloud
computing as “a model for enabling
convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage
applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service
provider interaction.”

3. •
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Cloud computing is an emerging
computation model that provides on-
demand facilities, and shared resources
over the Internet
By cloud computing, users can gain
access to their applications anytime they
want, from anywhere, through any
connected device

4. Cloud computing infrastructure

5. Advantages of using a cloud computing model
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Elastic nature: Cloud computing supports elastic nature of storage
and memory devices. It can expand and reduce itself according to
the demand from the users, as needed.
Shared architecture: Cloud computing also supports shared
architecture. Information can be shared among the users after
meeting the privacy issues, and, thereby, reducing service costs .
Metering architecture: Cloud computing offers metering
infrastructure to customers. In the metering system, cost
optimization mechanisms are offered to users, enabling them to
pay for their consumed resources only.
Internet service: Cloud computing can be implemented in the
existing Internet service system. Thus, it supports the existing
network infrastructure.

6. •
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Cloud computing provides three distinct
types of services—
Platform as a Service (PaaS),
Software as a Service (SaaS), and
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

7. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is the
infrastructure service model that includes
storage and virtual machines. Load
balancing in cloud computing is performed
using IaaS. Users can install access to
required software through virtual machines.
These virtual devices provide on-demand
facility to the customers

8. Platform as a service (PaaS) is responsible for the
development and delivery of programming models to
IaaS. Users can access such programming models
through cloud and execute their programs. PaaS is
responsible for the runtime execution of users’ given
task. Therefore, the PaaS service completes the
requirements of building and delivering of Web-
applications without downloading and installing
required software as well

9. Software as a service (SaaS ) supports all the
applications in the cloud environment. This
feature of cloud computing is accessible through
Web-browsers. The SaaS service provides the
modeling of software deployment where users
can run their applications without installing it on
his own computer. However, this service is limited
to the users, i.e., only existing set of services is
available to the customers.

10. Cloud can also be categorized, depending on the
deployment models, as Private, Public and Hybrid

11. Public Cloud: This cloud deployment model is the primary
model of CC. In this model, users pay per use of Smart
Grid (SG) services. There is not any limitation about which
user can or cannot use cloud service because it is a
public cloud. Service providers can make different offers,
therefore SG services can be charged or not charged
based on the offered conditions. Cloud Provider manages
the cloud in the SG and users access the SG through the
Internet . All the services in this cloud are standardized to
meet comparability requirements of SG applications

12. Private Cloud: This is an internal
deployment model that works like a private network. However,
it can differ depending on the SG application’s requirements. If
a basic private cloud is used in a SG, each SG utility has its own
data center and provides services by itself. Thus, high security,
reliability and confidentiality are ensured. But, this model
prevents other utilities from accessing services and if an
interrelationship is required between SG services that are
located in different utilities, it is difficult to give access
permission to utilities. This problem can be solved in two ways;
one of them is by letting an external service provider realize
the operation of the private cloud according to a Service Level
Agreement (SLA) without taking data and infrastructure; the
second way is to outsource the private cloud by giving all
infrastructure and its management to another service provider

13. •Hybrid Cloud: SG utilities that take advantage of CC with
a cost efficient way, can use the hybrid cloud
deployment model. This model combines private and
public cloud deployment models. A SG utility processes,
analyzes and combines data in the private cloud and
builds services. Then, all of these services are published
to all other utilities by using public clouds.

14. CLOUD ARCHITECTURE
Cloud Computing hybrid cloud architecture for Smart
Grid

15. System architecture of Cloud Smart meter
framework