Cloud Computing in Modern Industries

Cloud computing has become a key technology driving modern industries by providing on-demand access to computing resources such as servers, storage, databases, and software through the internet. It enables organizations to scale efficiently, reduce IT costs, and improve collaboration across global teams. With service models like IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS, businesses can choose the right level of control and flexibility. Cloud deployment options—public, private, and hybrid—allow companies to balance cost, performance, and security. Today, cloud computing is widely used in sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and e-commerce for data management, analytics, and digital transformation. Despite challenges like data security and vendor lock-in, the benefits far outweigh the risks. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, edge computing, and sustainable data centers continue to shape the future of cloud computing, making it the foundation of innovation and growth in modern industries.

1. Cloud Computing in Modern Industries Presenter : Monil Babariya(23BIT074)

2. Introduction to Cloud Computing: The Core Concept Defining the "Cloud" The delivery of various computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics—over the internet ("the cloud"). The Service Model It allows users to access resources rapidly without the burden of owning or managing physical hardware, enabling instant on-demand scalability and resource allocation. Key Benefit By shifting from capital expenditure (CapEx) to operational expenditure (OpEx), it democratises high-level computing power for organisations of all sizes.

3. Five Essential Characteristics of Cloud Computing These defining features, as articulated by the NIST model, make cloud computing efficient, highly scalable, and fundamentally cost-effective for modern businesses. On-Demand Self-Service Consumers can provision computing capabilities without requiring human interaction with the service provider. Broad Network Access Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms by heterogeneous client platforms. Resource Pooling The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers, dynamically assigned and reassigned according to demand. Rapid Elasticity Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, scaling quickly outward and inward commensurate with demand. Measured Service Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and the consumer.

4. Service Models: Understanding the Cloud Stack Each service model offers a distinct level of control and responsibility, from managing everything (on-premise) to managing nothing (SaaS). IaaS Base layer: VMs, storage PaaS Middle layer: OS, app hosting SaaS Top layer: email, CRM apps IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) Provides the fundamental computing infrastructure, such as virtual machines, storage, and networks. Example: AWS EC2, Azure VMs. PaaS (Platform as a Service) Offers an environment for developing, running, and managing applications without the complexity of managing infrastructure. Example: Google App Engine, Heroku. SaaS (Software as a Service) Delivers fully functional applications over the internet, typically on a subscription basis. Example: Microsoft 365, Salesforce.

5. Deployment Models: Where the Cloud Lives Organisations choose a deployment model based on their requirements for security, cost management, and regulatory compliance. Public Cloud Owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider (e.g., AWS, Azure). It is shared among multiple organisations and is highly cost-effective . Private Cloud Infrastructure dedicated exclusively to one organisation. Offers enhanced security, control, and customisation , often on-premise or managed externally. Hybrid Cloud A composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private and public) that remain unique but are bound together by proprietary technology. Provides ultimate flexibility .

6. Driving Business Value: Cloud's Strategic Importance 40% Cost Reduction Eliminates the need for expensive hardware purchases, maintenance, and facility costs, shifting costs to operational expenditure. 10x Scalability & Agility Resources can be scaled up or down almost instantly, matching business demand and accelerating time-to-market for new services. 100% Collaboration Facilitates seamless remote work and global collaboration by providing centralised, accessible platforms for files and applications. Data Informed Decisions Provides powerful analytics tools to process big data in real-time, enabling organisations to make faster, data-driven decisions.

7. Sector-Specific Adoption: Cloud Across Industries Healthcare Securely stores vast volumes of patient records (EHRs) and supports medical research via high-performance computing. Education Hosts virtual learning environments (VLEs), enabling remote learning, resource sharing, and scalable student management systems. Finance Facilitates secure, high-volume transactions, fraud detection, and complex risk modelling through elastic computing resources. E-commerce Handles seasonal traffic spikes and manages massive product databases and supply chain logistics with unparalleled stability. Manufacturing Integrates Internet of Things (IoT) data from smart factories to optimise production, monitor assets, and predict maintenance needs.

8. Case Study: Amazon Web Services (AWS) Dominance AWS: The Pioneer As the market leader, AWS showcases the potential of IaaS and PaaS, providing robust, scalable, and reliable cloud solutions. Powering Global Enterprises AWS provides the foundational infrastructure that supports global giants, including Netflix, Airbnb, and NASA , ensuring continuous operation and scalability for massive user bases. Unlocking Innovation By providing pre-built services for machine learning, data warehousing, and serverless computing, AWS helps companies reduce development costs and drastically increase innovation speed. Cost Efficiency at Scale The pay-as-you-go model allows start-ups and multinational corporations alike to access world-class computing resources, paying only for what they consume.

9. Thank You