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Home > Browse Topics > Software > ERP/Supply Chain

Wal-Mart Backs RFID Technology

Will require suppliers to use "smart tags by 2005

News Story by Jaikumar Vijayan and Bob Brewin

JUNE 16, 2003 (COMPUTERWORLD)-Chicago— — SPantiienaly
Wal-Mart Stores Inc. last week said it plans to require There's more to this story:

its top 100 suppliers to put radio-frequency FN Heb Mare Pr ses Clones

identification tags on shipping crates and pallets by PORN eaten for 3234

Emailthis =)

January 2005, a move that's likely to spur broader > Midarket CRM vendors release bumper cr
> Geek's Garden

adoption of the technology because of Wal-Mart's 부가

market clout.

However, at the Retail Systems 2003/VICS
Collaborative Commerce conference here, IT

Business collak
managers and technology vendors alike said that RFID solutions 1

36. 108 Quicklink
COMPUTERWORLD: =

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Home > Browse Topics > Software > ERP/Supply Chain

Defense Dept. orders its suppliers to use RFID tags by 2005
The new policy will cover practically everything purchased by the U.S. military

News Story ty Bob Brewin

OCTOBER 08, 2003 (COMPUTERWORLD). The US, Prrttiendy 260006 60000. E
Department of Defense will require all ofits suppliers to Related to this topic

use passive radiofrequency identficaion tags (RFID) cnn pain danita seamen

on all cases and pallets by January 2005, a mandate Use of RFID tags reises privacy concerns

whose impact willikely dwarf a similar policy that Wal.” SS Goba obuy Entran fr $5266

> Midinarket CRM vendors release bumper crop of updates
Mar Stores Inc. imposed on its top 100 suppliers in

dune (see story) ：
Analysts said the Defense Department and Wal-Mart One company leads the wc

projects would impose "massive" infrastructure costs ， :
in business
on 54004 chains over the next two vears. with litle

37. Figure 1: RFID System Components

Y
Tag Eo リ
RF Module iy

Resder

2

Host

Source: QED Systems

38. 그 0 ©

44. y I
se
ade

58. rm O | mmp |
Data Tamsin

Typical Data Volume 1-100 Bytes 128-5K Bytos
Data Modification Not possible Possible

Position of Data Carrier | Visual contact Non line of sight possible
forRead/Write

Several metres (line From centimeters to
of sight) meters (depending on
the frequency and tags)

77. a

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89. Star Topology Peer-to-Peer Topology

4 bor
ao ~ l'aile

@ Full Function Device
O Reduced Function Device
<—— Communication Flow

PAN
Coordinator O

91. PHY Frequency Band Bit
(MHz) (MHz) Modulation Rate Number of Channels
868-868.6 BPSK 20 1
868/915 902-928 BPSK 40 10
2450 2400-2483.5 O-QPSK 230 16

92. Frame length Reserved Payload
Preamble | SFD (7 bits) (1 bit) (PSU)
SHR PHR PHY Payload

97. Octets:2 1 0/2 0/2/8 0/2 0/2/18 | Variable | 2
Source
Destination | Destination PAN Source
Frame | Sequence | PAN Identifier | Address Identifier | Address | Frame
Control | Number Addressing Field Payload | FCS
MAC
MHR Payload | MFR

98. Octets:2 1 4/10 2 Variable Variable Variable | 2
Pending
Frame | Sequence | Addressing | Super frame GTS Addressing Beacon
Control Number Fields Specification fields Fields Payload | FCS
MHR MAC Payload MFR

99. Octets :2 1 Variable 2
Frame Sequence Addressing Data
Control Number Field Payload FCS
MAC
MHR Payload MFR

100. Octets :2 ‘| 2

Frame Sequence
Control Number FCS

MHR MFR

101. Octets:2 1 1 Variable 2
Frame Sequence Addressing Command Frame Command
Control Number Fields Identifier Payload FCS
MHR MAC Payload MFR

106. Acknowledgment
(optional)

(a) Beacon-enabled network (b) Nonbeacon-enabled network

107. Coordinator Es

Beacon
Coordinator

1
1
1

Data Request

Acknowledgment Acknowedgment

Acknowledgment

Acknowledgment

(a) Beacon-enabled network (b) Nonbeacon-enabled network

111. IEEE 802.15.4
defined

ic

=

function

Layer
interface

114. SY + —
O

Le] ZigBee-Coordinator-(FFD)
© ZigBee-Router-(FFDY
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++ Mesh

118. Application of security suite adds auxiliary security
if information, and may add an integrity code

Encrypted MAC Payload MIC

When integrity protection is employed, the entire MAC frame is protected ー 1

120. Application of security suite adds auxiliary header
and also an integrity code

ER

SK
—
All of the above NWK frame is integrity-protected

X
[o | Encrypted NW Payload mc
ーー |

122. Application of security suite adds auxiliary header
and also an integrity code

All of the above APS frame is integrity-protected ||