CO2 Incubator.pptx

Description of CO2 incubator and its applications in animal cell culture is dealt with in this presentation

1. CO2 Incubator Dr. Priya Josson Department of Life Sciences Kristu Jayanti College

2. Laboratory incubators Laboratory incubators are used to grow and maintain cell cultures and are available in a variety of sizes and types. The incubator market is divided into two main categories: the gassed incubators which are the CO 2 incubators and the non gassed or microbiological incubators.

3. Laboratory incubators Microbiological incubators are essentially temperature-controlled ovens that work within the biological range of 5ºC to 70ºC and are mostly used for growing and storing bacterial cultures . Refrigerated Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) incubators, with a temperature range of 20°C degrees to 45°C below ambient, are commonly used for applications such as insect and plant studies, fermentation studies and bacterial culturing.

4. CO 2 incubators The CO 2 incubators are mainly used for cell culture and provide control over factors such as temperature, CO 2 for maintaining proper pH levels, and humidity, all of which affect cell growth . CO 2 incubators are typically heated to 37°C and maintain 95% relative humidity and a CO 2 level of 5 percent. Most incubator units are water-jacketed, air-jacketed or use direct heat to maintain the temperature around the culture chamber.

5. CO2 Incubator

6. CO2 Incubator

7. Structure and function of a CO 2 incubator A CO 2 incubator has an interior which is completely sealed off from the environment to ensure the atmosphere inside the unit cannot be affected by external factors. To enable laboratory technicians to still view the samples during the growth phase, most CO 2 incubators feature a glass door as well as the regular door, which provides additional protection against contamination. The interior is made of rust-resistant materials such as stainless steel and should have as few sharp edges and grooves as possible to avoid any places where contamination could be hidden

8. In the sensitive field of cell cultivation in particular, just one single germ can ruin weeks of work. The air coming in flows through a sterile filter and must be distributed evenly throughout the whole interior, as the samples are usually positioned on shelves at different heights . The challenge lies in creating homogeneity through the entire interior, to ensure a uniform supply of CO 2 for all samples at constant climate and humidity conditions.

9. Parameters are crucial for cell cultivation: CO 2 level  Temperature Humidity 

10. Applications of CO 2 incubators CO 2 incubators have innumerable applications in applications in medical, pharmaceutical, and other related industries However, they also provide sterile conditions for cultivation in other fields where cells must grow in a completely germ-free environment. They play an important role in medical research wherever cell cultures have to be observed in as sterile and meticulous a way as possible. They keep unwanted microbes away from the cultures, thus providing the ideal conditions for growth. Different CO 2  incubators offer different methods of preventing contamination in the incubation chamber.

11. CO 2 incubators create the optimum conditions for: Incubating human skin cells for life-saving skin grafts Fighting diseases using stem cell research Offering stem cell therapy as a viable alternative to surgery Plastic surgery, anti-aging therapies, tissue repair, and dermatological treatments. Multiplying human skin cells for healing processes in regenerative medicine

12. CO 2 incubators for tissue engineered products Tissue engineered products are medical products specifically developed for novel treatments . With these new types of treatment, scientists hope to cure previously incurable diseases such as serious malignant tumors or cardiovascular failure . CO 2  incubators are used to cultivate cell and tissue cultures in the research, development, and quality assurance of these products.

13. CO 2 incubators for in vitro fertilization In vitro fertilization (IVF) describes a method of artificial fertilization used in human reproductive medicine. This application aims to fuse an egg and sperm cell together in a petri dish along with a cell culture medium . The human embryos then start to fertilize and develop in a CO 2  incubator, before being transplanted into the uterus after two to three days . Optimal conditions in the incubator chamber are approximately 37°C, 5 or 6 vol. % CO 2 , and humidity of around 95%.

14. Staff label the petri dishes very precisely to avoid mix-ups. The inner glass doors of the CO 2  incubators mean the dishes can be monitored at all times too. The process is similar in veterinary medicine, for example with cattle. The oocytes are put into a petri dish together with the sperm and, during an incubation period of 21 hours, the sperm fertilize them. On the eighth day after fertilization, the embryos are transferred from the CO 2  incubator into the recipient animals.

15. CO 2 incubators in diagnostics The study of cell cultures plays a crucial role in the diagnostic analysis of pathogens. The results obtained from such investigations enable precise proof of hygiene levels to be formulated, and the degree of biopharmaceutical resistance to viruses to be evaluated . One method often used in this context is the swipe sample, where cell cultures which are susceptible to viruses are exposed to them in order to test their biological function .

16. CO 2  incubators are the right tool for the various process steps involved, such as thawing and transferring the cells, as well as infecting the cell lines and dyeing the cell cultures. During this application, conditions in the interior are usually set to 37°C and 5 vol. % CO 2 . The samples are analyzed after 72 hours at the latest. The blue coloration of the cell layer makes it possible to characterize the plaque in more detail either with the naked eye or under a microscope.

17. CO2 for developing biosensors Biosensors are cropping up more and more in fields such as medicine, fermentation monitoring, food quality control, and environmental analysis . A biosensor converts a biologically sensitive element into a digital signal, which in turn can be used to perform analyses by means of physical or chemical stimulation . Cellular in vitro systems combined with sensors are used in the pharmaceutical industry, toxicology, and basic research. One of the most well-known examples are the enzyme sensors used to measure glucose.

18. An impressive example: cardiomyocytes from embryonic hens were reaggregated in a rotation culture into spheroids (3D architecture) and connected to microelectrodes. Reference substances were used to test the extent to which statements could be made about applying a stimulus to a living system. The spheroids were produced in petri dishes in CO 2 incubators at 37°C, 5 vol. % CO 2 , and 72 rpm and 20 mm orbit.

19. CO 2 incubators in cancer research CO 2  incubators play an important role in preparing samples and tests in all areas of cancer research such as drug research and the development of 3D invasions, assays, and biosensors – from a simple monolayer through to the reproduction of patient tumors by means of 3D cell culture models (drug research and development of treatments).

20. In the fields of immunology and tumor biology (how malignant tumors develop), CO 2  incubators are used at 37°C, 5 vol. % CO 2 , and 95% relative humidity under normoxic conditions, as well as CO 2 /O 2 incubators at 37°C, 5 vol. % CO 2 , and hypoxic 1 vol. % O 2 , depending on the cell cultures involved. In clinical research, for example, that into oncogenes and tumor suppressors, CO 2  incubators are used at 37°C and 5 vol. % CO 2  under normoxic conditions.