Cognitive theory

Psycholinguistics: Cognitive Theory

1. Cognitive Theory Psycholinguistics

2. Cognitive Theory A theory of learning processes that focus on how people think, understand and know. Cognition is the scientific term that used for the 'process of thought'. "Information processing" is a commonly use description of the mental process, comparing the human mind with computer.

3. Cognitive Linguistic (CL) Cognitive linguistic is an interdisciplinary branch of linguistics combining knowledge and research from both Psychology and Linguistics. It describes how language interact with cognition, and how language forms our thoughts. According to Merriam-Webster, cognitive is defined as ' involving conscious intellectual activity'(such as Thinking, reasoning and remembering).

4. Conti... And Merriam-Webster also describe linguistic as ' the study of human speech including unit,nature, structure and modification of language. By combination of these definitions together form cognitive linguistic (CL) that provide notion of the concept and ideas would discuss in the realm of CL. Next I will explain language acquisition with cognition by theory of Jean Piaget.

5. Language acquisition by Jean Piaget Language acquisition for Piaget is a mental and emotional process. Piaget linked the development of language in a child to the child's cognition development. He believed that a child must have the understanding of concept before verbalize it. For example, if a child says, 'This car is bigger than that one'. he must have the concept of size before commenting.

6. Conti... He believed that language was a way of reflecting a child's thought process and language didn't contribute in development of thinking. Piaget argued that cognitive development preceded linguistic development. According to Piaget, children learn their initial rational constructs through the environment e.g by interaction with other peoples

7. Conti... Child develop language by the combination of scheme(concept for how to act and response to the world.) Piaget was first who says that child reasons and think differently at different stages. He believed that all children universally progress through four different and distinct stages of cognitive development.

8. Piaget's stage theory Piaget proposed four stages of language acquisition by cognition here. Sensorimotor stage Preoperational stage Concrete operation stage Formal operation stage

9. Sensorimotor stage This stage is marked with concept formation. Begin at birth and continues up to age 2. Child learn the concept of physical object and are concerned with motor skills i.e When child at this age see a new thing they shake it, throw it, and chew it or put it in their mouth just to check the characteristics of object. No language development except babbling and cooing.

10. Preoperational stage Thus stage begins with age 2 and goes up to age 6 or 7. This stage marked by the Still language at this stage is less. Child have verbose conversation acquisition and child develop ability to think of symbols and forms words from ideas Child also able to understand concept of time and space and also addition and subtraction. Child have more focus on concrete physical situations and less ability to understand abstract concepts. Still language at this stage is less. Child have verbose conversation

11. Concrete operation stage Begins with age 6 or 7 and goes up to 11 or 12. Child able to group things in logical order by name number or sizes. Child develop more logical and reasonable language system. They able to understand others language and also to convey their own ideas. Child also able to understand much abstract complex ideas like solving mathematical problems

12. Formal Operation stage Begins with age 11 and goes up to 15. This stage is marked with child thinking and communicating in a more adult like manner. A child able to use language full and provide reason logically at the end of stage. In this stage, child has concept and also language to share concept. This stage is also known as language maturation stage.

13. Overall Jean Piaget argued that language basically represents a skill of symbolic representation gradually acquired through the stage of cognitive development.

14. Thank you...