Collection and preservation of viscera for poison

Viscera is an important evidence in forensic toxicology to find out the poison used to kill a person. But how to preserve this viscera?
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1. GANGA PRAKASH 1

2. COLLECTION AND PRESERVATION OF VISCERA FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF POISONS Ms. GANGA PRAKASH FORENSIC LABORATORY IN CHARGE ANNAI FATHIMA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE AFRS VOLUNTEER GANGA PRAKASH 2

3. INDEX What is viscera Circumstances under viscera to be preserved Collection of organs in different poisoning Viscera to be preserved Preservation of viscera Viscera Sample Reports A Retrospective Study Reference GANGA PRAKASH 3

4. What is viscera? Viscera comes from the Latin word viscus, which means the inner part of the body. The study of viscera is called “ Splanchnology ” Soft internal organs of the body Lungs, heart, digestive organs, excretory and reproductive systems. Collected after post mortem Toxicological analysis GANGA PRAKASH 4

5. Why viscera? The criminal cases which leaves no such evidence or the cases which seems like murder but the criminal is successful in leaving evidence, in those cases viscera can be taken for the examination. To determine the cause of death. Unconvincing autopsies Later investigation Questioned cases Decomposed bodies GANGA PRAKASH 5

6. Circumstances under viscera to be preserved Visceral test are generally done in all cases which are under suspect like case of, Homicide Suspicious death. Death due to poisoning Death due to hanging or drowning Viscera test samples of any cases are collected for chemical examination and have to be done within 15 days of the post-mortem The FSL are asked to provide scientific help in any such case by providing the reports of the blood, semen, and other. GANGA PRAKASH 6

7. Collection of organs in different poisoning Heart, brain, spinal cord – strychnine Spleen – cyanide Brain – organophosphate Bile – narcotic drugs , cocaine Vitreous – alcohol, chloroform Bones and nails- arsenic Small intestine – vegetable poison Lungs – volatile poison Brain and spinal cord – cerebral and spinal poisoning GANGA PRAKASH 7

8. Viscera to be preserved stomach and its content Upper part of small intestines (about 30 cm) Liver not less than ½ kg Kidney half of each side GANGA PRAKASH 8

9. Preservation of viscera Commonly used preservative is saturated sodium chloride. For preserving museum specimen formaldehyde is used. Stored at 4 degree Celsius Best preservative : rectified spirit (not recommended in case of poisoning due to alcohol, acetic acid, phenol, paraldehyde, phosphorus GANGA PRAKASH 9

10. 10% of formalin for a week : brain Equal volume of 5% sodium citrate +0.25 ml formalize: for blood grouping All acids except carbolic acid : rectified spirit Organ phosphorous, endrine , neurotic poison : brain, spinal cord Virology specimen : 80% glycerol in buffer saline Barbiturates : one half of brain GANGA PRAKASH 10

11. Preserved viscera GANGA PRAKASH 11

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13. Viscera Sample Reports A Retrospective Study This retrospective study was conducted in Government Thoothukudi Medical College, Department of Forensic Medicine, during the period of Jan to March 2018. A aggregate of 100 cases whose viscera samples transferred to the forensic wisdom lab were anatomized by poring probe reports, history of the case, necropsy findings, histopathology reports, and viscera reports. The data attained from the study was analysed. 78( 78) cases were males and 22( 22) cases were ladies. The maximum number of cases 21( 21) was seen in 31- 40 times. . GANGA PRAKASH 13

14. Alleged history of bane ingestion was noted in 21( 21) cases, out of which bane was detected in 10( 10) cases only. The bane was not detected in 11( 11) cases. with a history of unforeseen death in 35 cases out of which 9( 9) cases bane was detected. organophosphorus composites were set up in 11( 11) cases and ethyl alcohol was detected in 6( 6) cases. Paraphenylene diamine was detected in one case and cyanide was detected in one case( 1). Hence it's recommended to shoot the viscera samples to the lab in all cases of unforeseen deaths GANGA PRAKASH 14

15. Reference https:// forensicfield.blog /preservatives-used-for-different-poisoning-samples/ https:// www.homeopathy360.com /2020/02/27/preservation-of-viscera/ https:// www.slideshare.net / NikhilOza2 /preservation-of-viscera GANGA PRAKASH 15

16. THANK YOU…. GANGA PRAKASH 16