Comfort device.pptx

Comfort devices used in hospital

1. COMFORT DEVICES Ms Shiwani S ah Lecturer MIHS

2. COMFORT DEVICES Comfort devices are the articles which will add to the comfort of the patient when used by relieving discomfort and helping to maintain correct posture. Various devices are used for giving comfort to the patient.

3. PILLOWS Pillows are used to give comfortable position to the patient. Pillows should be of appropriate size for the body part to be positioned.

4. Uses It is used to support parts of the body like head and neck, arms, legs and parts of back. It is used to relieve pain on abdominal muscles and tendons beneath the knees. Used in positioning patients. It is used to elevate body parts and splint incision areas. Used to maintain proper body alignment. Help to reduce pressure.

5. FOOT BOARD Foot boards are the mechanical device used to give rest to feet. A flat panel or board made of plastic or wood which is placed perpendicular to the mattress and parallel to and touching the planters surfaces of the client’s feet. Foot boards maintain dorsiflexion.

6. FOOT BOARD Boards should be removed at least 2-3 times per day. Assess skin integrity and joint mobility. After placing to on the bed, the nurse needs to determine that it is correctly placed, with client’s feet placed firmly against the board.

7. Uses Used to maintain the normal position of feet. Used to promote comfort. Used to prevent foot drop by maintaining the feet in dorsiflexion.

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9. BED CRADLES Bed cradles vary widely in size and in material. These are mostly semi- circular in shape, made of wood or metal.

10. Uses Used to support the weight of the top bed clothing and to prevent them from coming in contact with the patient’s body. Used especially for patients with burns. Electric bed cradles are used to supply the desired warm in the case of shock. When the plaster cast is wet, it is used to make it dry. For patients after amputation.

11. BACK REST Back rest is mechanical device which provides a suitable support and rest for the back of the patient in fowler’s position.

12. Uses Used to support back. Used to relieve dyspnea as in asthmatic patients by providing fowler’s or high fowler’s position, given especially for heart patients and asthma patients to facilitate easy breathing. Used in positioning cardiac patient to reduce workload on heart. This position is used in post operative period.

13. CARDIAC TABLE The table is placed in front of the patient. A pillow is arranged on the top of table so that patient can lean forward.

14. Uses Used for patients to lean forward especially when the patient has been in the sitting position for a long time. Used in positioning patient who are to undergo some diagnostic procedures like thoracocentesis. Cardiac table also helps to prevent bedsores in a patient who has to sit up for long periods. Helps to provide comfortable position for cardiac patient.

15. Air and water mattress It is special type of mattress filled with water or air which moves from one part of the mattress to the other, his reducing pressure to the same area. These are used for very thin or obese patients and for those who are prone to get pressure sores. The principles in that pressure exerted by the body will be distributed equally in all directions. It helps in equal distribution of the pressure exerted on the body.

16. Uses To improve circulation. To provide comfort. To prevent pressure ulcers in patient at risk.

17. Rings Air rings are made of rubber and cotton wrapped with bandage. The air ring can be inflated with air. These are placed under bony prominence such as heels and fastened in place if necessary.

18. Uses To prevent direct pressure on bony prominence. To relieve pressure on certain parts of the body e.g. elbow, heels, buttocks. To improve circulation.

19. AIR CUSHION A ir cushions are found in shape and made up of rubber. These can be inflated with air.

20. Uses To take off weight of the body. To provide relaxation as it yields to shift off body weight.

21. BED BLOCKS Bed blocks are made up of wood or metal used raise the head or foot end of the bed for various reasons.

22. Uses For providing trendlenburg position for patient following spinal anesthesia. For preventing shock. For arresting haemorrhage . For retaining fluids in retention enema. After tonsillectomy. To position in postural drainage. To provide traction.

23. HOT WATER BAG Hot water bag is made of rubber and as a common method of applying local dry heat. It is used as both a therapeutic and comfort measure.

24. Uses To promote healing. To relieve retention of urine. To stimulate circulation by dilating blood vessels. To raise body temperature in case of hypothermia. To provide comfort and warmth. To relieve pain. To relax muscles. To reduce inflammation.

25. ROLLS Hand rolls : hand rolls are made of cloth that rolled into a cylinder about 4.5 inches long and 2-3 inches in diameter . It helps to maintain thumb and fingers in a functional position. Uses: used to maintain thumb and fingers in slightly flexed position .

26. ROLLS Thigh rolls: Thigh rolls are made by folding a sheet to the desired length of 2-3 feet and then rolled into a tight cylinder. Used: used to support hips and thighs preventing them from outward rotation and keeping the feet in good alignment in case of paralysis, fracture of femur and hip surgery.

27. HAND WRIST SPLINTS These are individually moulded splints for patient for patients to maintain proper alignment of thumb. They are slightly adducted in apposition to fingers and to maintain wrist in slight dorsiflexion. We should ensure that pressure of the splints is not obliterating circulation.

28. Uses Used to maintain immobility of the fingers and maintain functional position.

29. TRAPEZE BAR It is a triangular device that is attached to an over bed frame.

30. Uses To enable patient to raise trunk from bed. To enable patient to move from bed to wheel chair. To help the patient in performing exercise that strengthen upper arms.

31. SIDE RAILS Side rails or safety sides are used on both hospital beds and stretches. They are of various shapes and sizes and are usually made of metal. Side rails are bars, positioned along the sides of the length of the bed.

32. Uses Prevent the patient from falling out od the bed and protect the restless patients. Provide the patient support to grasp and hold when moving about. Provide assistance in rolling from side to side or sitting up in bed.

33. SAND BAGS These are rubber or plastic bags filled with sand which are available in various sizes. It prevents foot drop and external rotation of thighs.

34. Uses Support body part. Immobilization the body part. Support fracture bone. Prevent foot and or wrist drop. Relieve discomfort. In application of pressure in case of blessing. Provide support and shape to body contours, and maintains specific body alignment.

35. BED BOARDS Plywood boards placed under the entire mattress. it is used for increasing back support and vertebral alignment with a soft mattress.

36. Uses Used in patient with a soft mattress. Used in patient with spinal problems. Used in giving CPR in the proper manner.

37. BED MAKING Bed making is a systematic way of preparing the appropriate bed based on the condition of the patient, which adopts scientific principles of nursing. Bed making is the process of keeping the bed clean , neat and tidy. BED A bed is the piece of equipment used mostly by a client. It is the place where the patient spends most of his time in the hospitals an most of the nursing care is given in bed.

38. TYPES Manual : This is made of metal, and is normally operated which requires more energy to use but it is economical and is the most common type of bed in nepalese hospital. Hydraulic : These are light beds so they can be moved easily. It is safe to use electric equipment on hydraulic bed but it is expensive and not available in N epal. Electric : These beds require the leat amount of energy.

39. Manual bed

40. Hydraulic bed

41. Electric bed

42. PRINCIPLES OF BED MAKING Using correct body mechanics : Body mechanics refer to the use of correct body posture while making bed , lifting patients or carrying out any other procedures so the nurse must use proper body mechanics during bed making. Principle of body mechanics raising the bed to a working level to avoid bending down or stretching over the mattress.

43. Twisting of body should be avoided during bed making. Point your toes and face in the direction that you are moving, avoid twisting. 2. Preventing cross infection Hold clean & soiled linen away from uniform. Handle linens carefully without shaking them. If clean linen touches the floor, it is immediately discarded. Avoid fan linen because air currents can spread organisms. Wear gloves during bed making if linen soiling is likely.

44. Avoid touching your clothing and wash your hands before and after making bed of each patient to prevent cross infection. 3. Making the bed smooth for the safety of the patient : The rough surface of the bottom sheet should be turned downward so that they do not hurt the patient skin. 4. Making the bed just sufficiently tight :Enough tight bed doest not cause foot drop and it is comfortable and lasts longer to prevent wrinkles, pull linen tight as they are tucked. 5. Preparing bed with less effort and time : To conserve time and energy , pick up all the necessary linens from the linen supply before beginning.

45. OTHERS Prepare the bed neatly. Always fold bed linen from top to bottom. Always arrange bed linen in correct order with closed side away from you before making the bed. While tucking bedding under the mattress the palm of the hand should face down in order to protect your nail. Keep the open end of the pillow away from the entrance of the ward. After completing bed making see that the locker and chair in place that all the beds are in line. Provide privacy by screening & draping.

46. PURPOSES To provide a clean and comfortable bed for the patient. To promote rest comfort and cleanliness. To maintain a clean environment and neat appearance to the unit. To observe the patient and to prevent complications. To ambulate the patient. To provide smooth wrinkle free bed thus minimizing sources of skin irritation and bedsore. To establish a good nurse patient relationship and teaching the relatives To reduce transmission of micro organism. To receive new patient.

47. GENERAL INSTRUCTION Wash hands before and after procedure. Gather all the required linen and accessories before making the bed. Do not expose the patient unnecessarily. Do not cover the patient’s face while placing the linen. Observe the patient and document nursing observation. Note the tolerance of activity level while out of bed. Check for drainage, wetness or other body fluids and record observation.

48. TYPES

49. Articles

50. Occupied bed making procedure

51. Unoccupied bed making procedure

52. Mitered corner

53. 1.Unoccupied bed An unoccupied or close bed is one that is made when not occupied by a patient. It is of Two types: Open Closed ARTICLES A tray containing Duster 3 A bowl with disinfectant solution Kidney tray Chair or stool/ trolly to keep Hamper or dirty linen basket/laundry bag Clean gloves

54. Clean linen set Bottom sheet or bed sheet Mackintosh Draw sheet Top sheet Blanket Pillow cover i . Closed bed making :It is an empty bed, in which the top covers are arranged that all linen beneath the spread is fully protected from dust and dirt while waiting for patients.

55. PURPOSES To give a clean comfortable bed. To keep bed ready for the admission. To keep it ready for any emergency. To protect the bed from dust and dirt. To give the room a neat and tidy appearance PROCEDURE from book Sumitra Pathak

56. 2. Open bed bed making : The term open bed used to design the hospital bed when it is about to be occupied by a patient either for a new patient or for an ambulatory patient. O pen bed is made as usual and one corner of the linen is folded back to let the patient in. The top linen is fan folded to the foot end of the bed or to one side of the bed. Purposes: To provide clean bed. To maintain clean environment. To reduce transmission of microorganism To prevent and observe complicattion . To provide comfort To ambulate the patient.

57. Orthopedic bed

58. Procedure Place the fracture board on the cot(BED) in such a way that it is in between boards for aeration. The bed is prepared as simple bed. Make the patient comfortable and leave the unit tidy. 3) Amputation bed : An amputation bed is used after amputation of leg to take off weight of bed site of the operation. Purposes: To keep the stump in a good position. To be able to watch the stump for haemorrahge and apply tourniquet instantly.

59. Amputation bed

60. Striker bed Striker bed

61. Traction bed making

62. THANK YOU